Infrastructure Details
Acronym
LUMBO
Name of national/international infrastructure this infrastructure belongs to
We have collaboration lidar nodes in Ivory Coast, China, Greece, Denmark. We collaborate with SLU, DTU. Industrial partners, FaunaPhotonics and Norsk Elektro Optikk.
Description
LUMBO is a research platform primarily intended for quantitatively monitoring the earth atmospheric fauna. The observatory can be deployed by truck in various field locations. The techniques employed are based on fast electro optics from the fields of remote sensing and stand-off detection. We exploit electromagnetic radiation scattered from the atmospheric fauna within the optical region and are constrained mainly by the atmospheric transmission in the range 0.2-20 μm. We detect either moonlight, scattered sunlight, thermal emission or scattered laser emission. LUMBO typically operates in ranges between 0.1 km to 10 km, clear sky and line of sight is generally required.
Equipment and resources
Dark field
The remote dark field methods can be used both with a spectrometer in order to acquire the spectral scattering signature from insects from UV to NIR, or it can be used with a multiband or quadrant photodiode to collect the insects modulation spectrum. The dark field method is an inexpensive substitute for LIDAR, without having to purchase expensive kHz lasers at new wavelength, one can explore the properties of atmospheric fauna, using the sunlight on clear days. Spectrally resolving dark field can be combined with insect powder marking. KHz modulation detection with quadrants can be used to evaluate insect interaction and flight directions. The experiment can be reproduced with instrumentation less than two thousand euros.
LIDAR or laser radar
LIght Dectection And Ranging, resembles radar and sonar but exploits light. LIDAR both detect the back and forward scattered magnitude as well as the range. LIDAR varies in complexity where the simples have one color and detects backscattered light, others have multiband, several polarizations or retrieve fluorescence or Raman signals. Thanks to the recent development of inexpensive photonic components such as CCD and laser diodes, LIDAR can be constructed at very low cost compared to RADARs, LIDARs are also much easier to reconfigure and successively add more bands and polarization modes.
At LUMBO we have developed a special LIDAR technique bringing down the cost and weight a factor hundred, while achieving hundred times fast sampling rates.
Quadrant detection
LUMBO employs quadrants throughout the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum. These devices serves as four pixel cameras sampling at tenth of kHz. They provide modulation signatures as well as flight direction. In an on going project where we aim to define spherical scattering phase functions for each overtone of the insects, quadrant detectors serves to break the symmetry.
Iridescence
Iridescence refers to the phenomenon where spectral signature of an object depends on the angle of observation and illumination. The reason for this is often mircoscopic or nanoscopic structures in the object. In relation to atmospheric fauna a particular curiosity is that the wing angle constantly scans it self, thus if one are able to pick up the color change during wingbeat one might infer sizes on the microscopic or nanoscopic level. This could for instance be wing membrane thick for insects or barbule distance for birds.
Powder marking
Iridescence refers to the phenomenon where spectral signature of an object depends on the angle of observation and illumination. The reason for this is often mircoscopic or nanoscopic structures in the object. In relation to atmospheric fauna a particular curiosity is that the wing angle constantly scans it self, thus if one are able to pick up the color change during wingbeat one might infer sizes on the microscopic or nanoscopic level. This could for instance be wing membrane thick for insects or barbule distance for birds.
Lunar obscuration
This method is based on a hi-speed camera tracking the full moon. When night migrating birds passes by at high altitude, the cross section is recorded as a function of time. Apart from providing accurate data on flight heading direction, an modulation spectrum is retrieved providing body size, wing size and frequency as well as strength and phases of a number of harmonics. These parameters will be used to distinguish classes and species.
Thermal emission
LUMBO employs an advanced thermal- and mid-infrared color quadrant detector for tracking and classification of birds. The installation is still in progress.
Smaller deployable electro optical equipment for both aero and aquatic fauna.
The remote dark field methods can be used both with a spectrometer in order to acquire the spectral scattering signature from insects from UV to NIR, or it can be used with a multiband or quadrant photodiode to collect the insects modulation spectrum. The dark field method is an inexpensive substitute for LIDAR, without having to purchase expensive kHz lasers at new wavelength, one can explore the properties of atmospheric fauna, using the sunlight on clear days. Spectrally resolving dark field can be combined with insect powder marking. KHz modulation detection with quadrants can be used to evaluate insect interaction and flight directions. The experiment can be reproduced with instrumentation less than two thousand euros.
LIDAR or laser radar
LIght Dectection And Ranging, resembles radar and sonar but exploits light. LIDAR both detect the back and forward scattered magnitude as well as the range. LIDAR varies in complexity where the simples have one color and detects backscattered light, others have multiband, several polarizations or retrieve fluorescence or Raman signals. Thanks to the recent development of inexpensive photonic components such as CCD and laser diodes, LIDAR can be constructed at very low cost compared to RADARs, LIDARs are also much easier to reconfigure and successively add more bands and polarization modes.
At LUMBO we have developed a special LIDAR technique bringing down the cost and weight a factor hundred, while achieving hundred times fast sampling rates.
Quadrant detection
LUMBO employs quadrants throughout the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum. These devices serves as four pixel cameras sampling at tenth of kHz. They provide modulation signatures as well as flight direction. In an on going project where we aim to define spherical scattering phase functions for each overtone of the insects, quadrant detectors serves to break the symmetry.
Iridescence
Iridescence refers to the phenomenon where spectral signature of an object depends on the angle of observation and illumination. The reason for this is often mircoscopic or nanoscopic structures in the object. In relation to atmospheric fauna a particular curiosity is that the wing angle constantly scans it self, thus if one are able to pick up the color change during wingbeat one might infer sizes on the microscopic or nanoscopic level. This could for instance be wing membrane thick for insects or barbule distance for birds.
Powder marking
Iridescence refers to the phenomenon where spectral signature of an object depends on the angle of observation and illumination. The reason for this is often mircoscopic or nanoscopic structures in the object. In relation to atmospheric fauna a particular curiosity is that the wing angle constantly scans it self, thus if one are able to pick up the color change during wingbeat one might infer sizes on the microscopic or nanoscopic level. This could for instance be wing membrane thick for insects or barbule distance for birds.
Lunar obscuration
This method is based on a hi-speed camera tracking the full moon. When night migrating birds passes by at high altitude, the cross section is recorded as a function of time. Apart from providing accurate data on flight heading direction, an modulation spectrum is retrieved providing body size, wing size and frequency as well as strength and phases of a number of harmonics. These parameters will be used to distinguish classes and species.
Thermal emission
LUMBO employs an advanced thermal- and mid-infrared color quadrant detector for tracking and classification of birds. The installation is still in progress.
Smaller deployable electro optical equipment for both aero and aquatic fauna.
Services provided
LUMBO is used by scientists’ with interest in monitoring insect and bird fauna across habitats and at various field locations. The instrumentation is run by scientists at the remote sensing group at Lund Laser center, and use if financed by individual grants to scientists. The instrumentation is used in collaborative projects involving scientists from biology and physics. LUMBO is located at the Ecology Building, Department of Biology, between field campaigns.
Management of the infrastructure
This is a part of CAnMove Linnaeus environment, managed by director Susanne Åkesson, and collaborator at Lund Laser Center Dr. Mikkel Brydegaard, Faculty of engineering, Lund University
UKÄ subject classification
- Biological Sciences
Type of infrastructure
- Equipment
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