In recent years the necessity to show consideration for vulnerable groups in the Swedish population and their varied needs has been highlighted in reports and inquiries into the design of geriatric care and rehabilitation. Deaf sign language users are often excluded from scientific studies, and knowledge about their health, well-being and everyday life is therefore inadequate. The overall aim of the project was to arrive at a deeper understanding and knowledge of older deaf sign language users’ quality of life, in terms of different health aspects and well-being, their everyday activities and social contacts. Other aims were to make comparisons with hearing old people in these respects, and to investigate the relations between quality of life, activity and social contacts in the target group. The study groups consisted of 45 people who were interviewed in sign language. To sum up, it was found that the studied group of deaf sign language users reported many symptoms of disease and depression and were more dependent in ADL than older hearing people, while simultaneously scoring high values for self-perceived health and well-being. The doctoral dissertation presented in April 2006 adds new knowledge about different aspects of the quality of life of older deaf sign language users. The results indicate how significant it is for them to be a part of the deaf community and to perform activities in a sign language environment even in high age, which has consequences for the planning of health care for the target group, for example, rehabilitation and accommodation for the elderly at municipal level.