A snapshot of terror: Acute posttraumatic reactions to the September 11 attack.

Abstract in Undetermined
Objective To investigate acute posttraumatic reactions and forms of coping to the September 11 attack. Method A Web TV nationwide, representative sample of individuals 13 years or older (N=3134) was evaluated within three weeks of the attack. Measures included the SASRQ, the brief version of the COPE, and questions about demographics and attitudes toward the attackers. Results Residents of New York City, women, young adults (but not teens), and people recently immigrated into the country experienced more distress about the attack. There was a positive linear association between hours of watching TV news related to the attack and distress, and a small positive association between hostility toward the perpetrators, TV watching, and distress. Income, religion, education, and ethnicity did not have an effect on distress. Maladaptive coping strategies and TV watching explained considerably more variance than did demographics. Conclusions Reactions to acute trauma seem to depend on the lack of appropriate coping strategies. The curvilinear relationship between age and posttraumatic distress urges caution when interpreting previous findings about age and posttraumatic reactions. The association between media exposure, coping styles, and acute distress among teens extends previous findings and deserves further investigation.