Application of composite cryogels in downstream processing - A review

The demand for efficient separation and purification methods has inspired the development of new techniques and materials for bioseparation. Conventional chromatographic columns are efficient but have difficulties capturing targets from complex media or purify large products. To address this issue, new materials that can directly purify targets from particulate-containing fluids are needed. Cryogels are super macroporous hydrogels formed through cryogelation and have interconnected channels that enable efficient mass transfer and flow-through properties. In recent years, composite cryogels have been introduced as a significant advancement in the field. The incorporation of additional components in these composite cryogels modifies their surface area and mechanical stability. By tailoring the composition and structure of composite cryogels, higher binding capacities, improved selectivity, and enhanced overall performance can be achieved. Therefore, composite cryogels can effectively compete with other commercial chromatography columns in downstream processing. The development of composite cryogels has created more possibilities for improving biomolecule purification and separation efficiency and effectiveness. This comprehensive review will explore the extensive body of research surrounding composite cryogels and their applications in the purification and separation of biomolecules.