TY - JOUR
T1 - Body size and risk of colon and rectal cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC)
AU - Pischon, Tobias
AU - Lahmann, Petra H.
AU - Boeing, Heiner
AU - Friedenreich, Christine
AU - Norat, Teresa
AU - Tjonneland, Anne
AU - Halkjaer, Jytte
AU - Overvad, Kim
AU - Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise
AU - Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
AU - Guernec, Gregory
AU - Bergmann, Manuela M.
AU - Linseisen, Jakob
AU - Becker, Nikolaus
AU - Trichopoulou, Antonia
AU - Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
AU - Sieri, Sabina
AU - Palli, Domenico
AU - Tumino, Rosario
AU - Vineis, Paolo
AU - Panico, Salvatore
AU - Peeters, Petra H. M.
AU - Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas
AU - Boshuizen, Hendriek C.
AU - Van Guelpen, Bethany
AU - Palmqvist, Richard
AU - Berglund, Göran
AU - Gonzalez, Carlos Alberto
AU - Dorronsoro, Miren
AU - Barricarte, Aurelio
AU - Navarro, Carmen
AU - Martinez, Carmen
AU - Quiros, J. Ramon
AU - Roddam, Andrew
AU - Allen, Naomi
AU - Bingham, Sheila
AU - Khaw, Kay-Tee
AU - Ferrari, Pietro
AU - Kaaks, Rudof
AU - Slimani, Nadia
AU - Riboli, Elio
PY - 2006
Y1 - 2006
N2 - Background: Body weight and body mass index (BMI) are positively related to risk of colon cancer in men, whereas weak or no associations exist in women. This discrepancy may be related to differences in fat distribution between sexes or to the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in women. Methods: We used multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards models to examine the association between anthropometric measures and risks of colon and rectal cancer among 368 277 men and women who were free of cancer at baseline from nine countries of the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: During 6.1 years of follow-up, we identified 984 and 586 patients with colon and rectal cancer, respectively. Body weight and BMI were statistically significantly associated with colon cancer risk in men (highest versus lowest quintile of BMI, relative risk [RR] = 1.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.12 to 2.15; P-trend =.006) but not in women. In contrast, comparisons of the highest to the lowest quintile showed that several anthropometric measures, including waist circumference (men, RR = 1.39,95% CI = 1.01 to 1.93; P-trend = .001; women, RR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.08 to 2.03; P-trend =.008), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR; men, RR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.06 to 2.15; P-trend =.006; women, RR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.12 to 2.05; P-trend =.002), and height (men, RR = 1.40, 95% CI = 0.99 to 1.98; P-trend =.04; women, RR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.30 to 2.46; P-trend <.001) were related to colon cancer risk in both sexes. The estimated absolute risk of developing colon cancer within 5 years was 203 and 131 cases per 100 000 men and 129 and 86 cases per 100000 women in the highest and lowest quintiles of WHR, respectively. Upon further stratification, no association of waist circumference and WHR with risk of colon cancer was observed among postmenopausal women who used HRT. None of the anthropometric measures was statistically significantly related to rectal cancer. Conclusions: Waist circumference and WHR, indicators of abdominal obesity, were strongly associated with colon cancer risk in men and women in this population. The association of abdominal obesity with colon cancer risk may vary depending on HRT use in postmenopausal women; however, these findings require confirmation in future studies.
AB - Background: Body weight and body mass index (BMI) are positively related to risk of colon cancer in men, whereas weak or no associations exist in women. This discrepancy may be related to differences in fat distribution between sexes or to the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in women. Methods: We used multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards models to examine the association between anthropometric measures and risks of colon and rectal cancer among 368 277 men and women who were free of cancer at baseline from nine countries of the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: During 6.1 years of follow-up, we identified 984 and 586 patients with colon and rectal cancer, respectively. Body weight and BMI were statistically significantly associated with colon cancer risk in men (highest versus lowest quintile of BMI, relative risk [RR] = 1.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.12 to 2.15; P-trend =.006) but not in women. In contrast, comparisons of the highest to the lowest quintile showed that several anthropometric measures, including waist circumference (men, RR = 1.39,95% CI = 1.01 to 1.93; P-trend = .001; women, RR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.08 to 2.03; P-trend =.008), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR; men, RR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.06 to 2.15; P-trend =.006; women, RR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.12 to 2.05; P-trend =.002), and height (men, RR = 1.40, 95% CI = 0.99 to 1.98; P-trend =.04; women, RR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.30 to 2.46; P-trend <.001) were related to colon cancer risk in both sexes. The estimated absolute risk of developing colon cancer within 5 years was 203 and 131 cases per 100 000 men and 129 and 86 cases per 100000 women in the highest and lowest quintiles of WHR, respectively. Upon further stratification, no association of waist circumference and WHR with risk of colon cancer was observed among postmenopausal women who used HRT. None of the anthropometric measures was statistically significantly related to rectal cancer. Conclusions: Waist circumference and WHR, indicators of abdominal obesity, were strongly associated with colon cancer risk in men and women in this population. The association of abdominal obesity with colon cancer risk may vary depending on HRT use in postmenopausal women; however, these findings require confirmation in future studies.
U2 - 10.1093/jnci/djj246
DO - 10.1093/jnci/djj246
M3 - Article
SN - 1460-2105
VL - 98
SP - 920
EP - 931
JO - Journal of the National Cancer Institute
JF - Journal of the National Cancer Institute
IS - 13
ER -
