Cigarette Smoking and Colorectal Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition Study

Anke M. Leufkens; Franzel J. B. Van Duijnhoven; Peter D. Siersema; Hendriek C. Boshuizen; Alina Vrieling; Antonio Agudo; Inger T. Gram; Elisabete Weiderpass; Christina Dahm; Kim Overvad; Anne Tjonneland; Anja Olsen; Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault; Francoise Clavel-Chapelon; Sophie Morois; Domenico Palli; Sara Grioni; Rosario Tumino; Charlotta Sacerdote; Amalia Mattiello; Silke Herman; Rudolf Kaaks; Annika Steffen; Heiner Boeing; Antonia Trichopoulou; Pagona Lagiou; Dimitrios Trichopoulos; Petra H. Peeters; Carla H. van Gils; Henk van Kranen; Eliv Lund; Vanessa Dumeaux; Dagrun Engeset; Laudina Rodriguez; Maria-Jose Sanchez; Maria-Dolores Chirlaque; Aurelio Barricarte; Jonas Manjer; Martin Almquist; Bethany van Guelpen; Goran Hallmans; Kay-Tee Khaw; Nick Wareham; Konstantinos K. Tsilidis; Kurt Straif; Maria Leon-Roux; Paul Vineis; Teresa Norat; Elio Riboli; H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita

doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2010.10.012

Cigarette Smoking and Colorectal Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition Study

Anke M. Leufkens, Franzel J. B. Van Duijnhoven, Peter D. Siersema, Hendriek C. Boshuizen, Alina Vrieling, Antonio Agudo, Inger T. Gram, Elisabete Weiderpass, Christina Dahm, Kim Overvad, Anne Tjonneland, Anja Olsen, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Francoise Clavel-Chapelon, Sophie Morois, Domenico Palli, Sara Grioni, Rosario Tumino, Charlotta Sacerdote, Amalia MattielloSilke Herman, Rudolf Kaaks, Annika Steffen, Heiner Boeing, Antonia Trichopoulou, Pagona Lagiou, Dimitrios Trichopoulos, Petra H. Peeters, Carla H. van Gils, Henk van Kranen, Eliv Lund, Vanessa Dumeaux, Dagrun Engeset, Laudina Rodriguez, Maria-Jose Sanchez, Maria-Dolores Chirlaque, Aurelio Barricarte, Jonas Manjer, Martin Almquist, Bethany van Guelpen, Goran Hallmans, Kay-Tee Khaw, Nick Wareham, Konstantinos K. Tsilidis, Kurt Straif, Maria Leon-Roux, Paul Vineis, Teresa Norat, Elio Riboli, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

BACKGROUND & AIMS: There has been consistent evidence for a relationship between smoking and colorectal cancer (CRC), although it is not clear whether the colon or rectum is more sensitive to the effects of smoking. We investigated the relationships between cigarette smoking and risk of CRC and tumor location. METHODS: We analyzed data from 465,879 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study; 2741 developed CRC during the follow-up period (mean, 8.7 years). Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: The risk of colon carcinoma was increased among ever smokers (HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.06-1.32) and former cigarette smokers (HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.08-1.36), compared with never smokers; the increased risk for current smokers was of borderline significance (HR, 1.13; 95% Cl, 0.98-1.31). When stratified for tumor location, the risk of proximal colon cancer was increased for former (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.04-1.50) and current smokers (HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.06-1.64), but the risks for cancers in the distal colon or rectum were not. Subsite analyses showed a nonsignificant difference between the proximal and distal colon (P=.45) for former smokers and a significant difference for current smokers (P=.02). For smokers who had stopped smoking for at least 20 years, the risk of developing colon cancer was similar to that of never smokers. CONCLUSIONS: Ever smokers have an increased risk of colon cancer, which appeared to be more pronounced in the proximal than the distal colon location.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	137-144
Journal	Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Volume	9
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2010.10.012
Publication status	Published - 2011

Subject classification (UKÄ)

Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Free keywords

Colorectal Cancer
Tumor Location
Tobacco
Risk Factor

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.cgh.2010.10.012

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Leufkens, A. M., Van Duijnhoven, F. J. B., Siersema, P. D., Boshuizen, H. C., Vrieling, A., Agudo, A., Gram, I. T., Weiderpass, E., Dahm, C., Overvad, K., Tjonneland, A., Olsen, A., Boutron-Ruault, M.-C., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Morois, S., Palli, D., Grioni, S., Tumino, R., Sacerdote, C., ... Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B. (2011). Cigarette Smoking and Colorectal Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition Study. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 9(2), 137-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2010.10.012

@article{f3233d9a1b544088b1d2fb4026cc9451,

title = "Cigarette Smoking and Colorectal Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition Study",

abstract = "BACKGROUND & AIMS: There has been consistent evidence for a relationship between smoking and colorectal cancer (CRC), although it is not clear whether the colon or rectum is more sensitive to the effects of smoking. We investigated the relationships between cigarette smoking and risk of CRC and tumor location. METHODS: We analyzed data from 465,879 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study; 2741 developed CRC during the follow-up period (mean, 8.7 years). Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: The risk of colon carcinoma was increased among ever smokers (HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.06-1.32) and former cigarette smokers (HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.08-1.36), compared with never smokers; the increased risk for current smokers was of borderline significance (HR, 1.13; 95% Cl, 0.98-1.31). When stratified for tumor location, the risk of proximal colon cancer was increased for former (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.04-1.50) and current smokers (HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.06-1.64), but the risks for cancers in the distal colon or rectum were not. Subsite analyses showed a nonsignificant difference between the proximal and distal colon (P=.45) for former smokers and a significant difference for current smokers (P=.02). For smokers who had stopped smoking for at least 20 years, the risk of developing colon cancer was similar to that of never smokers. CONCLUSIONS: Ever smokers have an increased risk of colon cancer, which appeared to be more pronounced in the proximal than the distal colon location.",

keywords = "Colorectal Cancer, Tumor Location, Tobacco, Risk Factor",

author = "Leufkens, {Anke M.} and {Van Duijnhoven}, {Franzel J. B.} and Siersema, {Peter D.} and Boshuizen, {Hendriek C.} and Alina Vrieling and Antonio Agudo and Gram, {Inger T.} and Elisabete Weiderpass and Christina Dahm and Kim Overvad and Anne Tjonneland and Anja Olsen and Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault and Francoise Clavel-Chapelon and Sophie Morois and Domenico Palli and Sara Grioni and Rosario Tumino and Charlotta Sacerdote and Amalia Mattiello and Silke Herman and Rudolf Kaaks and Annika Steffen and Heiner Boeing and Antonia Trichopoulou and Pagona Lagiou and Dimitrios Trichopoulos and Peeters, {Petra H.} and {van Gils}, {Carla H.} and {van Kranen}, Henk and Eliv Lund and Vanessa Dumeaux and Dagrun Engeset and Laudina Rodriguez and Maria-Jose Sanchez and Maria-Dolores Chirlaque and Aurelio Barricarte and Jonas Manjer and Martin Almquist and {van Guelpen}, Bethany and Goran Hallmans and Kay-Tee Khaw and Nick Wareham and Tsilidis, {Konstantinos K.} and Kurt Straif and Maria Leon-Roux and Paul Vineis and Teresa Norat and Elio Riboli and Bueno-de-Mesquita, {H. Bas}",

year = "2011",

doi = "10.1016/j.cgh.2010.10.012",

language = "English",

volume = "9",

pages = "137--144",

journal = "Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology",

issn = "1542-7714",

publisher = "Elsevier",

number = "2",

}

Leufkens, AM, Van Duijnhoven, FJB, Siersema, PD, Boshuizen, HC, Vrieling, A, Agudo, A, Gram, IT, Weiderpass, E, Dahm, C, Overvad, K, Tjonneland, A, Olsen, A, Boutron-Ruault, M-C, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Morois, S, Palli, D, Grioni, S, Tumino, R, Sacerdote, C, Mattiello, A, Herman, S, Kaaks, R, Steffen, A, Boeing, H, Trichopoulou, A, Lagiou, P, Trichopoulos, D, Peeters, PH, van Gils, CH, van Kranen, H, Lund, E, Dumeaux, V, Engeset, D, Rodriguez, L, Sanchez, M-J, Chirlaque, M-D, Barricarte, A, Manjer, J , Almquist, M, van Guelpen, B, Hallmans, G, Khaw, K-T, Wareham, N, Tsilidis, KK, Straif, K, Leon-Roux, M, Vineis, P, Norat, T, Riboli, E & Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB 2011, 'Cigarette Smoking and Colorectal Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition Study', Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 137-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2010.10.012

TY - JOUR

T1 - Cigarette Smoking and Colorectal Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition Study

AU - Leufkens, Anke M.

AU - Van Duijnhoven, Franzel J. B.

AU - Siersema, Peter D.

AU - Boshuizen, Hendriek C.

AU - Vrieling, Alina

AU - Agudo, Antonio

AU - Gram, Inger T.

AU - Weiderpass, Elisabete

AU - Dahm, Christina

AU - Overvad, Kim

AU - Tjonneland, Anne

AU - Olsen, Anja

AU - Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine

AU - Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise

AU - Morois, Sophie

AU - Palli, Domenico

AU - Grioni, Sara

AU - Tumino, Rosario

AU - Sacerdote, Charlotta

AU - Mattiello, Amalia

AU - Herman, Silke

AU - Kaaks, Rudolf

AU - Steffen, Annika

AU - Boeing, Heiner

AU - Trichopoulou, Antonia

AU - Lagiou, Pagona

AU - Trichopoulos, Dimitrios

AU - Peeters, Petra H.

AU - van Gils, Carla H.

AU - van Kranen, Henk

AU - Lund, Eliv

AU - Dumeaux, Vanessa

AU - Engeset, Dagrun

AU - Rodriguez, Laudina

AU - Sanchez, Maria-Jose

AU - Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores

AU - Barricarte, Aurelio

AU - Manjer, Jonas

AU - Almquist, Martin

AU - van Guelpen, Bethany

AU - Hallmans, Goran

AU - Khaw, Kay-Tee

AU - Wareham, Nick

AU - Tsilidis, Konstantinos K.

AU - Straif, Kurt

AU - Leon-Roux, Maria

AU - Vineis, Paul

AU - Norat, Teresa

AU - Riboli, Elio

AU - Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas

PY - 2011

Y1 - 2011

N2 - BACKGROUND & AIMS: There has been consistent evidence for a relationship between smoking and colorectal cancer (CRC), although it is not clear whether the colon or rectum is more sensitive to the effects of smoking. We investigated the relationships between cigarette smoking and risk of CRC and tumor location. METHODS: We analyzed data from 465,879 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study; 2741 developed CRC during the follow-up period (mean, 8.7 years). Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: The risk of colon carcinoma was increased among ever smokers (HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.06-1.32) and former cigarette smokers (HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.08-1.36), compared with never smokers; the increased risk for current smokers was of borderline significance (HR, 1.13; 95% Cl, 0.98-1.31). When stratified for tumor location, the risk of proximal colon cancer was increased for former (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.04-1.50) and current smokers (HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.06-1.64), but the risks for cancers in the distal colon or rectum were not. Subsite analyses showed a nonsignificant difference between the proximal and distal colon (P=.45) for former smokers and a significant difference for current smokers (P=.02). For smokers who had stopped smoking for at least 20 years, the risk of developing colon cancer was similar to that of never smokers. CONCLUSIONS: Ever smokers have an increased risk of colon cancer, which appeared to be more pronounced in the proximal than the distal colon location.

AB - BACKGROUND & AIMS: There has been consistent evidence for a relationship between smoking and colorectal cancer (CRC), although it is not clear whether the colon or rectum is more sensitive to the effects of smoking. We investigated the relationships between cigarette smoking and risk of CRC and tumor location. METHODS: We analyzed data from 465,879 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study; 2741 developed CRC during the follow-up period (mean, 8.7 years). Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: The risk of colon carcinoma was increased among ever smokers (HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.06-1.32) and former cigarette smokers (HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.08-1.36), compared with never smokers; the increased risk for current smokers was of borderline significance (HR, 1.13; 95% Cl, 0.98-1.31). When stratified for tumor location, the risk of proximal colon cancer was increased for former (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.04-1.50) and current smokers (HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.06-1.64), but the risks for cancers in the distal colon or rectum were not. Subsite analyses showed a nonsignificant difference between the proximal and distal colon (P=.45) for former smokers and a significant difference for current smokers (P=.02). For smokers who had stopped smoking for at least 20 years, the risk of developing colon cancer was similar to that of never smokers. CONCLUSIONS: Ever smokers have an increased risk of colon cancer, which appeared to be more pronounced in the proximal than the distal colon location.

KW - Colorectal Cancer

KW - Tumor Location

KW - Tobacco

KW - Risk Factor

U2 - 10.1016/j.cgh.2010.10.012

DO - 10.1016/j.cgh.2010.10.012

M3 - Article

C2 - 21029790

SN - 1542-7714

VL - 9

SP - 137

EP - 144

JO - Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology

JF - Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology

IS - 2

ER -

Cigarette Smoking and Colorectal Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition Study

Abstract

Subject classification (UKÄ)

Free keywords

UN SDGs

Access to Document

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Cite this