TY - JOUR
T1 - Cognitive plasticity in adulthood and old age: Gauging the generality of cognitive intervention effects
AU - Noack, Hannes
AU - Lövdén, Martin
AU - Schmiedek, Florian
AU - Lindenberger, Ulman
PY - 2009
Y1 - 2009
N2 - Interventions enabling aging individuals to fulfill their plastic potential promise to postpone, attenuate, or even reverse the adverse effects of senescent brain changes on cognitive abilities and everyday competence in old age. Based on an overview of the concept of plasticity in lifespan development, we selectively review evidence from cognitive intervention studies and conclude that most of them have failed to observe generalizable performance improvements, as documented by the small size and scope of positive transfer to untrained tasks. We further note that generally accepted criteria for defining transfer distance are lacking, rendering the relevant evidence difficult to interpret. Hence, we propose a taxonomy of transfer distance based on the structure of human intellectual abilities.
AB - Interventions enabling aging individuals to fulfill their plastic potential promise to postpone, attenuate, or even reverse the adverse effects of senescent brain changes on cognitive abilities and everyday competence in old age. Based on an overview of the concept of plasticity in lifespan development, we selectively review evidence from cognitive intervention studies and conclude that most of them have failed to observe generalizable performance improvements, as documented by the small size and scope of positive transfer to untrained tasks. We further note that generally accepted criteria for defining transfer distance are lacking, rendering the relevant evidence difficult to interpret. Hence, we propose a taxonomy of transfer distance based on the structure of human intellectual abilities.
U2 - 10.3233/RNN-2009-0496
DO - 10.3233/RNN-2009-0496
M3 - Review article
C2 - 19847069
SN - 1878-3627
VL - 27
SP - 435
EP - 453
JO - Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience
JF - Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience
IS - 5
ER -