Abstract
Objectives: To assess the outcome of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 by HIV status and risk factors for severe COVID-19 in people living with HIV (PWH), we performed a nationwide cohort study using register data. Methods: All people aged ≥18 years hospitalized with a primary COVID-19 diagnosis (U07.1 or U07.2) in Sweden between February 2020 and October 2021 were included. The primary outcome was severe COVID-19 [intensive care unit (ICU) admission or 90-day mortality]. Secondary outcomes were days in hospital and ICU, complications in hospital, and risk factors for severe COVID-19 in PWH. Regression analyses were performed to assess severe COVID-19 by HIV status and risk factors. Results: Data from 64 815 hospitalized patients were collected, of whom 121 were PWH (0.18%). PWH were younger (p < 0.001), and larger proportions were men (p = 0.014) and migrants (p < 0.001). Almost all PWH had undetectable HIV-RNA (93%) and high CD4 T-cell counts (median = 560 cells/μL, interquartile range: 376–780). In an unadjusted model, PWH had statistically significant lower odds of severe COVID-19 compared with patients without HIV [odds ratio (OR) = 0.6, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.34–0.94], but there was no significant difference after adjusting for age and comorbidity (adjusted OR = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.43–1.26). A statistically significant lower proportion of PWH (8%, 95% CI: 5–15%) died within 90 days compared with those without HIV (16%, 95% CI: 15–16%, p = 0.024). There was no statistically significant difference in days in hospital and complications during the hospital stay between PWH and patients without HIV. Conclusions: In this nationwide study including well-treated PWH, HIV was not a risk factor in hospitalized patients for developing severe COVID-19.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 1045-1055 |
Journal | HIV Medicine |
Volume | 24 |
Issue number | 10 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2023 |
Subject classification (UKÄ)
- Infectious Medicine
Free keywords
- COVID-19
- HIV
- hospitalization
- mortality
- SARS-CoV-2