Elozetes eredmények egy magyar mintán kidolgozott Intrauterin Kapcsolati Kérdoív méréses tapasztalatairól-pilot study

Background: The effects of "maternal environment" on fetal development have been studied since the eighties, but the results regarding the features which influence mother-fetus relationship are inconsistent. Aim: To develop a mother-fetus relationship assessment scale on a Hungarian sample, and to reveal the factors that determine mother-fetus bonding. Method: 114 pregnant women, between 15 and 38 weeks of gestational age, filled out the Intrauterine Relationship Questionnaire, the Hungarian version of Maternal Fetal Attachment Scale, Intimate Bond Measurement and Parental Bonding Instrument. Results: our 28 items Intrauterine Relationship Questionnaire's (IURQ) factor structure indicators proved to remain below the expectations (RMSEA =. 08, χ ²/df = 1.645, NFI =. 85, CFI =. 87). The eight subscales' Cronbach's alphas are between. 56 and. 93. With exploratory factor analysis we managed to develop a shortened version model (IURQ-S), with better psychometric characteristics, which contains 12 items and 3 subscales (RMSEA =. 08, χ ²/df = 1.660, NFI =. 95, CFI =. 96). The internal consistency of IURQ-S is high, Cronbach's alphas range from. 81 to. 93. For further analyses we used the IURQ-S model. Our questionnaire correlate with MFAS-HU but their dimensions are not entirely overlapping. In accordance with international experiences we found that a mother reaches significantly higher scores on the mother-fetus relationship scale, if she can be characterized with any of the following: married, has high contribution to family income, no previous experience of miscarriage, born in natural way, without any intervention, definitely knows or definitely does not know the fetus' sex. The time of the pregnancy had no substantial effect, neither had the educational background of the mother or whether the pregnancy was planned. The method of conception, the number of children born previously and the fetal movement did not prove to be decisive either. Fetal attachment correlated with partnership intimacy: higher mother-fetus attachment scores were found with higher perceived care and lower perceived control. The mother's own parental bonding, her perceived maternal and paternal love was found to be in positive correlation with her attachment to her fetus. Conclusions: The questionnaire reliability is promising, but further validity examinations are needed in a larger, more heterogeneous sample. The results have drawn our attention to the importance of parental bonding and perceived partner care during pregnancy, and can help prevention of early attachment disfunction.