Extended structure tensors for multiple directionality estimation

Standard structure tensors provide a robust way of directionality estimation of waves (or edges) but only for the case when they do not intersect. In this work, a structure tensor extension using a one-way wave equation is proposed as a tool for estimating directionality in seismic data and images in the presence of conflicting dips. Detection of two intersecting waves is possible in a two-dimensional case. In three dimensions both two and three intersecting waves can be detected. Moreover, a method for directionality filtering using the estimated directions is proposed. This method makes use of the ideas of a one-way wave equation but can be applied to generic images not related to wave propagation.