Healthy Nordic Diet Modulates the Expression of Genes Related to Mitochondrial Function and Immune Response in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome–A SYSDIET Sub-Study

Mari C.W. Myhrstad, Vanessa D. de Mello, Ingrid Dahlman, Marjukka Kolehmainen, Jussi Paananen, Amanda Rundblad, Carsten Carlberg, Ole Kristoffer Olstad, Jussi Pihlajamäki, Kirsten B. Holven, Kjeld Hermansen, Lars O. Dragsted, Ingibjörg Gunnarsdottir, Lieselotte Cloetens, Matilda Ulmius Storm, Björn Åkesson, Fredrik Rosqvist, Janne Hukkanen, Karl Heinz Herzig, Ulf RisérusInga Thorsdottir, Kaisa S. Poutanen, Markku J. Savolainen, Ursula Schwab, Peter Arner, Matti Uusitupa, Stine M. Ulven

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Scope: To explore the effect of a healthy Nordic diet on the global transcriptome profile in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of subjects with metabolic syndrome. Methods and results: Subjects with metabolic syndrome undergo a 18/24 week randomized intervention study comparing an isocaloric healthy Nordic diet with an average habitual Nordic diet served as control (SYSDIET study). Altogether, 68 participants are included. PBMCs are obtained before and after intervention and total RNA is subjected to global transcriptome analysis. 1302 probe sets are differentially expressed between the diet groups (p-value < 0.05). Twenty-five of these are significantly regulated (FDR q-value < 0.25) and are mainly involved in mitochondrial function, cell growth, and cell adhesion. The list of 1302 regulated probe sets is subjected to functional analyses. Pathways and processes involved in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, immune response, and cell cycle are downregulated in the healthy Nordic diet group. In addition, gene transcripts with common motifs for 42 transcription factors, including NFR1, NFR2, and NF-κB, are downregulated in the healthy Nordic diet group. Conclusion: These results suggest that benefits of a healthy diet may be mediated by improved mitochondrial function and reduced inflammation.

Original languageEnglish
Article number1801405
JournalMolecular Nutrition & Food Research
Volume63
Issue number13
Early online date2019 Apr 9
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2019 Jul

Subject classification (UKÄ)

  • Nutrition and Dietetics

Free keywords

  • gene-expression
  • healthy Nordic diet
  • metabolic syndrome
  • peripheral blood mononuclear cells
  • transcriptome

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