Healthy Satiety Effects of Paleolithic diet on Satiety and Risk factors for Cardiovascular disease

Research output: ThesisDoctoral Thesis (compilation)

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Abstract

The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) exhibits considerable variation across agrarian societies, whereas they are virtually absent in non-agrarian societies such as hunter-gatherer and horticultural societies. When looking for lifestyle factors which could promote CVD, it therefore seems logical to focus on the agrarian lifestyle and ways in which it departs from a non-agrarian lifestyle. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the effect of a hunter-gatherer diet (also called Paleolithic diet) compared to agrarian diet in prevention of CVD.

In paper I we reviewed evidence from epidemiology and evolutionary biology for a possible maladaptation of human satiety hormone leptin to agrarian diet. We found that leptin resistance hypothetically may be a sign of maladaptation to dietary cereals as staple food, and that lectins could be a cereal constituent with sufficient properties to cause leptin resistance.

In paper II we experimentally studied the long-term effect of a Paleolithic diet compared to a cereal-based diet on risk factors for cardiovascular disease in domestic pigs. We found that a Paleolithic diet conferred higher insulin sensitivity, lower C-reactive protein and lower blood pressure than a cereal-based diet.

In paper III and IV we experimentally studied the effect of a Paleolithic diet compared to a Mediterranean-like diet on risk factors for cardiovascular disease, satiety and leptin in individuals with ischaemic heart disease and either glucose intolerance or type 2 diabetes. Paper III showed that a Paleolithic diet improved glucose tolerance more than a Mediterranean-like diet, and paper IV showed that a Paleolithic diet was more satiating per calorie than a Mediterranean-like diet.

In conclusion, we have found beneficial effects of a Paleolithic diet on risk factors for cardiovascular disease and satiety.
Original languageEnglish
QualificationDoctor
Awarding Institution
  • Medicine/Emergency Medicine, Lund
Supervisors/Advisors
  • Lindeberg, Staffan, Supervisor
Award date2007 Nov 23
Publisher
ISBN (Print)978-91-85897-23-0
Publication statusPublished - 2007

Bibliographical note

Defence details

Date: 2007-11-23
Time: 13:00
Place: Föreläsningssal 3, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden

External reviewer(s)

Name: Hellénius, Mai-Lis
Title: Professor
Affiliation: Karolinska Institutet, Institutionen för neurobiologi, vårdvetenskap och samhälle, Sektionen för all

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<div class="article_info">T Jönsson, S Olsson, B Ahrén, TC Bøg-Hansen, A Dole and S Lindeberg. <span class="article_issue_date">2005</span>. <span class="article_title">Agrarian diet and diseases of affluence - Do evolutionary novel dietary lectins cause leptin resistance?</span> <span class="journal_series_title">BMC Endocr Disord</span>, <span class="journal_volume">vol 5</span> </div>
<div class="article_info">T Jönsson, B Ahrén, G Pacini, F Sundler, N Wierup, S Steen, T Sjöberg, M Ugander, J Frostegård, L Göransson and S Lindeberg. <span class="article_issue_date">2006</span>. <span class="article_title">A Paleolithic diet confers higher insulin sensitivity, lower C-reactive protein and lower blood pressure than a cereal-based diet in domestic pigs.</span> <span class="journal_series_title">Nutr Metab (Lond)</span>, <span class="journal_volume">vol 3</span> </div>
<div class="article_info">S Lindeberg, T Jönsson, Y Granfeldt, E Borgstrand, J Soffman, K Sjöström and B Ahrén. <span class="article_issue_date">2007</span>. <span class="article_title">A Paleolithic diet improves glucose tolerance more than a Mediterranean-like diet in individuals with ischemic heart disease.</span> <span class="journal_series_title">Diabetologia</span>, <span class="journal_volume">vol 50</span> <span class="journal_pages">pp 1795-807</span>.</div>
<div class="article_info">T Jönsson, Y Granfeldt, C Erlanson-Albertsson, B Ahrén and S Lindeberg. <span class="article_issue_date"></span>. <span class="article_title">A Paleolithic diet is more satiating per calorie than a Mediterranean-like diet in individuals with ischemic heart disease.</span> (submitted)</div>

Subject classification (UKÄ)

  • Other Clinical Medicine

Free keywords

  • Cardiovascular system
  • diabetologi
  • sekretion
  • Endokrinologi
  • Cardiovascular Disease
  • Paleolithic Diet
  • Satiety
  • Endocrinology
  • diabetology
  • secreting systems
  • Kardiovaskulära systemet

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