Identification of biomarkers for glycaemic deterioration in type 2 diabetes

Roderick C Slieker, Louise A Donnelly, Elina Akalestou, Livia Lopez-Noriega, Rana Melhem, Ayşim Güneş, Frederic Abou Azar, Alexander Efanov, Eleni Georgiadou, Hermine Muniangi-Muhitu, Mahsa Sheikh, Giuseppe N Giordano, Mikael Åkerlund, Emma Ahlqvist, Ashfaq Ali, Karina Banasik, Søren Brunak, Marko Barovic, Gerard A Bouland, Frédéric BurdetMickaël Canouil, Iulian Dragan, Petra J M Elders, Celine Fernandez, Andreas Festa, Hugo Fitipaldi, Phillippe Froguel, Valborg Gudmundsdottir, Vilmundur Gudnason, Mathias J Gerl, Amber A van der Heijden, Lori L Jennings, Michael K Hansen, Min Kim, Isabelle Leclerc, Christian Klose, Dmitry Kuznetsov, Dina Mansour Aly, Florence Mehl, Diana Marek, Olle Melander, Anne Niknejad, Filip Ottosson, Imre Pavo, Kevin Duffin, Samreen K Syed, Janice L Shaw, Over Cabrera, Timothy J Pullen, Kai Simons, Michele Solimena, Tommi Suvitaival, Asger Wretlind, Peter Rossing, Valeriya Lyssenko, Cristina Legido Quigley, Leif Groop, Bernard Thorens, Paul W Franks, Gareth E Lim, Jennifer Estall, Mark Ibberson, Joline W J Beulens, Leen M 't Hart, Ewan R Pearson, Guy A Rutter

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

We identify biomarkers for disease progression in three type 2 diabetes cohorts encompassing 2,973 individuals across three molecular classes, metabolites, lipids and proteins. Homocitrulline, isoleucine and 2-aminoadipic acid, eight triacylglycerol species, and lowered sphingomyelin 42:2;2 levels are predictive of faster progression towards insulin requirement. Of ~1,300 proteins examined in two cohorts, levels of GDF15/MIC-1, IL-18Ra, CRELD1, NogoR, FAS, and ENPP7 are associated with faster progression, whilst SMAC/DIABLO, SPOCK1 and HEMK2 predict lower progression rates. In an external replication, proteins and lipids are associated with diabetes incidence and prevalence. NogoR/RTN4R injection improved glucose tolerance in high fat-fed male mice but impaired it in male db/db mice. High NogoR levels led to islet cell apoptosis, and IL-18R antagonised inflammatory IL-18 signalling towards nuclear factor kappa-B in vitro. This comprehensive, multi-disciplinary approach thus identifies biomarkers with potential prognostic utility, provides evidence for possible disease mechanisms, and identifies potential therapeutic avenues to slow diabetes progression.

Original languageEnglish
Article number2533
Pages (from-to)1-18
JournalNature Communications
Volume14
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2023 May 3

Subject classification (UKÄ)

  • Endocrinology and Diabetes

Free keywords

  • Mice
  • Animals
  • Male
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
  • Blood Glucose/metabolism
  • Islets of Langerhans/metabolism
  • Insulin/metabolism
  • Lipids
  • Biomarkers/metabolism
  • Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism
  • Extracellular Matrix Proteins/metabolism

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