Inflammatory potential of the diet and association with risk of differentiated thyroid cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort

Lucie Lécuyer, Nasser Laouali, Laure Dossus, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hébert, Antonio Agudo, Anne Tjonneland, Jytte Halkjaer, Kim Overvad, Verena A. Katzke, Charlotte Le Cornet, Matthias B. Schulze, Franziska Jannasch, Domenico Palli, Claudia Agnoli, Rosario Tumino, Luca Dragna, Gabriella Iannuzzo, Torill Enget Jensen, Magritt BrustadGuri Skeie, Raul Zamora-Ros, Miguel Rodriguez-Barranco, Pilar Amiano, María Dolores Chirlaque, Eva Ardanaz, Martin Almquist, Emily Sonestedt, Maria Sandström, Lena Maria Nilsson, Elisabete Weiderpass, Inge Huybrechts, Sabina Rinaldi, Marie Christine Boutron-Ruault, Thérèse Truong

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Purpose: Chronic inflammation is thought to initiate or promote differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) and previous studies have shown that diet can modulate this inflammatory process. We aimed to evaluate the association of several dietary scores reflecting the inflammatory potential of the diet with DTC risk. Methods: Within the EPIC cohort, 450,063 participants were followed during a mean period of 14 years, and 712 newly incident DTC cases were identified. Associations between four dietary inflammatory scores [the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) and two energy-adjusted derivatives (the E-DIIr and the E-DIId), and the Inflammatory Score of the Diet (ISD)] and DTC risk were evaluated in the EPIC cohort using multivariable Cox regression models. Results: Positive associations were observed between DTC risk and the DIIs (HR for 1 SD increase in DII: 1.11, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.23, similar results for its derivatives), but not with the ISD (HR for 1 SD increase: 1.04, 95% CI 0.93, 1.16). Conclusion: Diet-associated inflammation, as estimated by the DII and its derivatives, was weakly positively associated with DTC risk in a European adult population. These results suggesting that diet-associated inflammation acts in the etiology of DTC need to be validated in independent studies.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)3625-3635
JournalEuropean Journal of Nutrition
Volume61
Issue number7
Early online date2022
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2022

Subject classification (UKÄ)

  • Nutrition and Dietetics

Keywords

  • Cohort
  • Diet
  • EPIC
  • Inflammation
  • Thyroid cancer

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