Intake of B vitamins and the risk of developing islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in the TEDDY study

Leena Hakola; Lazarus K Mramba; Ulla Uusitalo; Carin Andrén Aronsson; Sandra Hummel; Sari Niinistö; Iris Erlund; Jimin Yang; Marian J Rewers; Beena Akolkar; Richard A McIndoe; Stephen S Rich; William A Hagopian; Anette Ziegler; Åke Lernmark; Jorma Toppari; Jeffrey P Krischer; Jill M Norris; Suvi M Virtanen; TEDDY Study Group

doi:10.1007/s00394-024-03346-6

Intake of B vitamins and the risk of developing islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in the TEDDY study

Leena Hakola, Lazarus K Mramba, Ulla Uusitalo, Carin Andrén Aronsson, Sandra Hummel, Sari Niinistö, Iris Erlund, Jimin Yang, Marian J Rewers, Beena Akolkar, Richard A McIndoe, Stephen S Rich, William A Hagopian, Anette Ziegler, Åke Lernmark, Jorma Toppari, Jeffrey P Krischer, Jill M Norris, Suvi M Virtanen, TEDDY Study Group

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

PURPOSE: The aim was to study the association between dietary intake of B vitamins in childhood and the risk of islet autoimmunity (IA) and progression to type 1 diabetes (T1D) by the age of 10 years.

METHODS: We followed 8500 T1D-susceptible children born in the U.S., Finland, Sweden, and Germany in 2004 -2010 from the Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study, which is a prospective observational birth cohort. Dietary intake of seven B vitamins was calculated from foods and dietary supplements based on 24-h recall at 3 months and 3-day food records collected regularly from 6 months to 10 years of age. Cox proportional hazard models were adjusted for energy, HLA-genotype, first-degree relative with T1D, sex, and country.

RESULTS: A total of 778 (9.2) children developed at least one autoantibody (any IA), and 335 (3.9%) developed multiple autoantibodies. 280 (3.3%) children had IAA and 319 (3.8%) GADA as the first autoantibody. 344 (44%) children with IA progressed to T1D. We observed that higher intake of niacin was associated with a decreased risk of developing multiple autoantibodies (HR 0.95; 95% CI 0.92, 0.98) per 1 mg/1000 kcal in niacin intake. Higher intake of pyridoxine (HR 0.66; 95% CI 0.46, 0.96) and vitamin B12 (HR 0.87; 95% CI 0.77, 0.97) was associated with a decreased risk of IAA-first autoimmunity. Higher intake of riboflavin (HR 1.38; 95% CI 1.05, 1.80) was associated with an increased risk of GADA-first autoimmunity. There were no associations between any of the B vitamins and the outcomes "any IA" and progression from IA to T1D. CONCLUSION: In this multinational, prospective birth cohort of children with genetic susceptibility to T1D, we observed some direct and inverse associations between different B vitamins and risk of IA.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1329-1338
Journal	European Journal of Nutrition
Volume	63
Issue number	4
Early online date	2024 Feb 27
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-024-03346-6
Publication status	Published - 2024

Subject classification (UKÄ)

Endocrinology and Diabetes

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1007/s00394-024-03346-6Licence: CC BY

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Hakola, L., Mramba, L. K., Uusitalo, U., Andrén Aronsson, C., Hummel, S., Niinistö, S., Erlund, I., Yang, J., Rewers, M. J., Akolkar, B., McIndoe, R. A., Rich, S. S., Hagopian, W. A., Ziegler, A., Lernmark, Å., Toppari, J., Krischer, J. P., Norris, J. M., Virtanen, S. M., & TEDDY Study Group (2024). Intake of B vitamins and the risk of developing islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in the TEDDY study. European Journal of Nutrition, 63(4), 1329-1338. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-024-03346-6

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title = "Intake of B vitamins and the risk of developing islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in the TEDDY study",

abstract = "PURPOSE: The aim was to study the association between dietary intake of B vitamins in childhood and the risk of islet autoimmunity (IA) and progression to type 1 diabetes (T1D) by the age of 10 years.METHODS: We followed 8500 T1D-susceptible children born in the U.S., Finland, Sweden, and Germany in 2004 -2010 from the Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study, which is a prospective observational birth cohort. Dietary intake of seven B vitamins was calculated from foods and dietary supplements based on 24-h recall at 3 months and 3-day food records collected regularly from 6 months to 10 years of age. Cox proportional hazard models were adjusted for energy, HLA-genotype, first-degree relative with T1D, sex, and country.RESULTS: A total of 778 (9.2) children developed at least one autoantibody (any IA), and 335 (3.9%) developed multiple autoantibodies. 280 (3.3%) children had IAA and 319 (3.8%) GADA as the first autoantibody. 344 (44%) children with IA progressed to T1D. We observed that higher intake of niacin was associated with a decreased risk of developing multiple autoantibodies (HR 0.95; 95% CI 0.92, 0.98) per 1 mg/1000 kcal in niacin intake. Higher intake of pyridoxine (HR 0.66; 95% CI 0.46, 0.96) and vitamin B12 (HR 0.87; 95% CI 0.77, 0.97) was associated with a decreased risk of IAA-first autoimmunity. Higher intake of riboflavin (HR 1.38; 95% CI 1.05, 1.80) was associated with an increased risk of GADA-first autoimmunity. There were no associations between any of the B vitamins and the outcomes {"}any IA{"} and progression from IA to T1D. CONCLUSION: In this multinational, prospective birth cohort of children with genetic susceptibility to T1D, we observed some direct and inverse associations between different B vitamins and risk of IA.",

author = "Leena Hakola and Mramba, {Lazarus K} and Ulla Uusitalo and {Andr{\'e}n Aronsson}, Carin and Sandra Hummel and Sari Niinist{\"o} and Iris Erlund and Jimin Yang and Rewers, {Marian J} and Beena Akolkar and McIndoe, {Richard A} and Rich, {Stephen S} and Hagopian, {William A} and Anette Ziegler and {\AA}ke Lernmark and Jorma Toppari and Krischer, {Jeffrey P} and Norris, {Jill M} and Virtanen, {Suvi M} and {TEDDY Study Group}",

note = "{\textcopyright} 2024. The Author(s).",

year = "2024",

doi = "10.1007/s00394-024-03346-6",

language = "English",

volume = "63",

pages = "1329--1338",

journal = "European Journal of Nutrition",

issn = "1436-6215",

publisher = "Springer",

number = "4",

}

Hakola, L, Mramba, LK, Uusitalo, U, Andrén Aronsson, C, Hummel, S, Niinistö, S, Erlund, I, Yang, J, Rewers, MJ, Akolkar, B, McIndoe, RA, Rich, SS, Hagopian, WA, Ziegler, A, Lernmark, Å, Toppari, J, Krischer, JP, Norris, JM, Virtanen, SM & TEDDY Study Group 2024, 'Intake of B vitamins and the risk of developing islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in the TEDDY study', European Journal of Nutrition, vol. 63, no. 4, pp. 1329-1338. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-024-03346-6

TY - JOUR

T1 - Intake of B vitamins and the risk of developing islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in the TEDDY study

AU - Hakola, Leena

AU - Mramba, Lazarus K

AU - Uusitalo, Ulla

AU - Andrén Aronsson, Carin

AU - Hummel, Sandra

AU - Niinistö, Sari

AU - Erlund, Iris

AU - Yang, Jimin

AU - Rewers, Marian J

AU - Akolkar, Beena

AU - McIndoe, Richard A

AU - Rich, Stephen S

AU - Hagopian, William A

AU - Ziegler, Anette

AU - Lernmark, Åke

AU - Toppari, Jorma

AU - Krischer, Jeffrey P

AU - Norris, Jill M

AU - Virtanen, Suvi M

AU - TEDDY Study Group

PY - 2024

Y1 - 2024

N2 - PURPOSE: The aim was to study the association between dietary intake of B vitamins in childhood and the risk of islet autoimmunity (IA) and progression to type 1 diabetes (T1D) by the age of 10 years.METHODS: We followed 8500 T1D-susceptible children born in the U.S., Finland, Sweden, and Germany in 2004 -2010 from the Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study, which is a prospective observational birth cohort. Dietary intake of seven B vitamins was calculated from foods and dietary supplements based on 24-h recall at 3 months and 3-day food records collected regularly from 6 months to 10 years of age. Cox proportional hazard models were adjusted for energy, HLA-genotype, first-degree relative with T1D, sex, and country.RESULTS: A total of 778 (9.2) children developed at least one autoantibody (any IA), and 335 (3.9%) developed multiple autoantibodies. 280 (3.3%) children had IAA and 319 (3.8%) GADA as the first autoantibody. 344 (44%) children with IA progressed to T1D. We observed that higher intake of niacin was associated with a decreased risk of developing multiple autoantibodies (HR 0.95; 95% CI 0.92, 0.98) per 1 mg/1000 kcal in niacin intake. Higher intake of pyridoxine (HR 0.66; 95% CI 0.46, 0.96) and vitamin B12 (HR 0.87; 95% CI 0.77, 0.97) was associated with a decreased risk of IAA-first autoimmunity. Higher intake of riboflavin (HR 1.38; 95% CI 1.05, 1.80) was associated with an increased risk of GADA-first autoimmunity. There were no associations between any of the B vitamins and the outcomes "any IA" and progression from IA to T1D. CONCLUSION: In this multinational, prospective birth cohort of children with genetic susceptibility to T1D, we observed some direct and inverse associations between different B vitamins and risk of IA.

AB - PURPOSE: The aim was to study the association between dietary intake of B vitamins in childhood and the risk of islet autoimmunity (IA) and progression to type 1 diabetes (T1D) by the age of 10 years.METHODS: We followed 8500 T1D-susceptible children born in the U.S., Finland, Sweden, and Germany in 2004 -2010 from the Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study, which is a prospective observational birth cohort. Dietary intake of seven B vitamins was calculated from foods and dietary supplements based on 24-h recall at 3 months and 3-day food records collected regularly from 6 months to 10 years of age. Cox proportional hazard models were adjusted for energy, HLA-genotype, first-degree relative with T1D, sex, and country.RESULTS: A total of 778 (9.2) children developed at least one autoantibody (any IA), and 335 (3.9%) developed multiple autoantibodies. 280 (3.3%) children had IAA and 319 (3.8%) GADA as the first autoantibody. 344 (44%) children with IA progressed to T1D. We observed that higher intake of niacin was associated with a decreased risk of developing multiple autoantibodies (HR 0.95; 95% CI 0.92, 0.98) per 1 mg/1000 kcal in niacin intake. Higher intake of pyridoxine (HR 0.66; 95% CI 0.46, 0.96) and vitamin B12 (HR 0.87; 95% CI 0.77, 0.97) was associated with a decreased risk of IAA-first autoimmunity. Higher intake of riboflavin (HR 1.38; 95% CI 1.05, 1.80) was associated with an increased risk of GADA-first autoimmunity. There were no associations between any of the B vitamins and the outcomes "any IA" and progression from IA to T1D. CONCLUSION: In this multinational, prospective birth cohort of children with genetic susceptibility to T1D, we observed some direct and inverse associations between different B vitamins and risk of IA.

U2 - 10.1007/s00394-024-03346-6

DO - 10.1007/s00394-024-03346-6

M3 - Article

C2 - 38413484

SN - 1436-6215

VL - 63

SP - 1329

EP - 1338

JO - European Journal of Nutrition

JF - European Journal of Nutrition

IS - 4

ER -

Intake of B vitamins and the risk of developing islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in the TEDDY study

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