TY - JOUR
T1 - Landauer Versus Nernst
T2 - What is the True Cost of Cooling a Quantum System
AU - Taranto, Philip
AU - Bakhshinezhad, Faraj
AU - Bluhm, Andreas
AU - Silva, Ralph
AU - Friis, Nicolai
AU - Lock, Maximilian P.E.
AU - Vitagliano, Giuseppe
AU - Binder, Felix C.
AU - Debarba, Tiago
AU - Schwarzhans, Emanuel
AU - Clivaz, Fabien
AU - Huber, Marcus
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Thermodynamics connects our knowledge of the world to our capability to manipulate and thus to control it. This crucial role of control is exemplified by the third law of thermodynamics, Nernst's unattainability principle, which states that infinite resources are required to cool a system to absolute zero temperature. But what are these resources and how should they be utilized And how does this relate to Landauer's principle that famously connects information and thermodynamics We answer these questions by providing a framework for identifying the resources that enable the creation of pure quantum states. We show that perfect cooling is possible with Landauer energy cost given infinite time or control complexity. However, such optimal protocols require complex unitaries generated by an external work source. Restricting to unitaries that can be run solely via a heat engine, we derive a novel Carnot-Landauer limit, along with protocols for its saturation. This generalizes Landauer's principle to a fully thermodynamic setting, leading to a unification with the third law and emphasizes the importance of control in quantum thermodynamics.
AB - Thermodynamics connects our knowledge of the world to our capability to manipulate and thus to control it. This crucial role of control is exemplified by the third law of thermodynamics, Nernst's unattainability principle, which states that infinite resources are required to cool a system to absolute zero temperature. But what are these resources and how should they be utilized And how does this relate to Landauer's principle that famously connects information and thermodynamics We answer these questions by providing a framework for identifying the resources that enable the creation of pure quantum states. We show that perfect cooling is possible with Landauer energy cost given infinite time or control complexity. However, such optimal protocols require complex unitaries generated by an external work source. Restricting to unitaries that can be run solely via a heat engine, we derive a novel Carnot-Landauer limit, along with protocols for its saturation. This generalizes Landauer's principle to a fully thermodynamic setting, leading to a unification with the third law and emphasizes the importance of control in quantum thermodynamics.
U2 - 10.1103/PRXQuantum.4.010332
DO - 10.1103/PRXQuantum.4.010332
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85151340571
SN - 2691-3399
VL - 4
JO - PRX Quantum
JF - PRX Quantum
IS - 1
M1 - 010332
ER -