Millora 2.0: Redovisning av resultat för 2018 –2022

Based on repeated yearly surveys of the vascular plant flora in 120 hectar plots in the province of Scania, southernmost Sweden, analysed in combination with speciesspecific traits and ecological indicator values (EIVs), changes in the flora and vegetation over the last four years are reported. Many of the changes observed, such as significant increases in lightdemanding, shortlived, pollinatorindependent species with a persistent seed bank, occurred after the extremely hot and dry summer of 2018 but has since then gradually disappeared. However, other changes plausibly also triggered by the extreme summer of 2018 are still evident and may even become persistent, e.g. general increases for species preferring a warmer climate, those with relatively low nitrogen demands and not forming mycorrhiza. Other trends, such as an increase in species richness (similar for both native and nonnative species), and increases for droughttolerant species and species with particularly early or late phenology are evident throughout the study period and are likely reflections of longterm trends driven by changes in land use and climate. Species clearly favored by the drought in 2018 but which has since then gradually dropped back include Galium aparine, Barbarea vulgaris, Bromus hordeaceus, Luzula mutiflora, Phleum pratense, Festuca rubra, Cerastium arvense and Torilis japonica, while e.g. Crepis capillaris, Carex hirta, Jacobaea vulgaris and Veronica serpyllifolia show steadily increasing trends. The only species showing a significant decrease is Sinapis arvensis, possibly being affected by the introduction of new herbicides in the agriculture.