TY - JOUR
T1 - The β-Ketoacyl-CoA Synthase Hv KCS1, Encoded by Cer-zh, Plays a Key Role in Synthesis of Barley Leaf Wax and Germination of Barley Powdery Mildew
AU - Li, Chao
AU - Haslam, Tegan M.
AU - Krger, Anna
AU - Schneider, Lizette M.
AU - Mishina, Kohei
AU - Samuels, Lacey
AU - Yang, Hongxing
AU - Kunst, Ljerka
AU - Schaffrath, Ulrich
AU - Nawrath, Christiane
AU - Chen, Guoxiong
AU - Komatsuda, Takao
AU - Von Wettstein-Knowles, Penny
PY - 2018/4/1
Y1 - 2018/4/1
N2 - The cuticle coats the primary aerial surfaces of land plants. It consists of cutin and waxes, which provide protection against desiccation, pathogens and herbivores. Acyl cuticular waxes are synthesized via elongase complexes that extend fatty acyl precursors up to 38 carbons for downstream modification pathways. The leaves of 21 barley eceriferum (cer) mutants appear to have less or no epicuticular wax crystals, making these mutants excellent tools for identifying elongase and modification pathway biosynthetic genes. Positional cloning of the gene mutated in cer-zh identified an elongase component, β-ketoacyl-CoA synthase (CER-ZH/HvKCS1) that is one of 34 homologous KCSs encoded by the barley genome. The biochemical function of CER-ZH was deduced from wax and cutin analyses and by heterologous expression in yeast. Combined, these experiments revealed that CER-ZH/HvKCS1 has a substrate specificity for C 16 -C 20, especially unsaturated, acyl chains, thus playing a major role in total acyl chain elongation for wax biosynthesis. The contribution of CER-ZH to water barrier properties of the cuticle and its influence on the germination of barley powdery mildew fungus were also assessed.
AB - The cuticle coats the primary aerial surfaces of land plants. It consists of cutin and waxes, which provide protection against desiccation, pathogens and herbivores. Acyl cuticular waxes are synthesized via elongase complexes that extend fatty acyl precursors up to 38 carbons for downstream modification pathways. The leaves of 21 barley eceriferum (cer) mutants appear to have less or no epicuticular wax crystals, making these mutants excellent tools for identifying elongase and modification pathway biosynthetic genes. Positional cloning of the gene mutated in cer-zh identified an elongase component, β-ketoacyl-CoA synthase (CER-ZH/HvKCS1) that is one of 34 homologous KCSs encoded by the barley genome. The biochemical function of CER-ZH was deduced from wax and cutin analyses and by heterologous expression in yeast. Combined, these experiments revealed that CER-ZH/HvKCS1 has a substrate specificity for C 16 -C 20, especially unsaturated, acyl chains, thus playing a major role in total acyl chain elongation for wax biosynthesis. The contribution of CER-ZH to water barrier properties of the cuticle and its influence on the germination of barley powdery mildew fungus were also assessed.
KW - Blumeria graminis f. sp. Hordei
KW - Cuticular wax
KW - Hordeum vulgare
KW - Very-long-chain fatty acids
KW - β-Ketoacyl-CoA synthase
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85045513060&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/pcp/pcy020
DO - 10.1093/pcp/pcy020
M3 - Article
C2 - 29401261
AN - SCOPUS:85045513060
SN - 0032-0781
VL - 59
SP - 806
EP - 822
JO - Plant and Cell Physiology
JF - Plant and Cell Physiology
IS - 4
ER -