The clinical presentation of major depressive disorder in youth with co-occurring obsessive-compulsive disorder

Emily Strophauer; Carlos   Valenzuela-Flores; Abu Minhajuddin; Holli Slater; David Riddle; Caitlin Pinciotti; Andrew Guzick; John Hettema; Silvina Tonarelli; Cesar Soutullo; Joshua Elmore; Kimberly Gushanas; Sarah Wakefield; Wayne Goodman; Madhukar Trivedi; Eric A. Storch; Matti Cervin

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.070

The clinical presentation of major depressive disorder in youth with co-occurring obsessive-compulsive disorder

Emily Strophauer, Carlos Valenzuela-Flores, Abu Minhajuddin, Holli Slater, David Riddle, Caitlin Pinciotti, Andrew Guzick, John Hettema, Silvina Tonarelli, Cesar Soutullo, Joshua Elmore, Kimberly Gushanas, Sarah Wakefield, Wayne Goodman, Madhukar Trivedi, Eric A. Storch, Matti Cervin

Innovations in pediatric mental health

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Background
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is common in youth and among the most frequent comorbid disorders in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), but it is unclear whether the presence of OCD affects the symptom presentation of MDD in youth.

Methods
A sample of youth with OCD and MDD (n = 124) and a sample of youth with MDD but no OCD (n = 673) completed the Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents (PHQ-A). The overall and symptom-level presentation of MDD were examined using group comparisons and network analysis.

Results
Youth with MDD and OCD, compared to those with MDD and no OCD, had more severe MDD (Cohen's d = 0.39) and more reported moderate to severe depression (75 % vs 61 %). When accounting for demographic variables and the overall severity of MDD, those with comorbid OCD reported lower levels of anhedonia and more severe difficulties with psychomotor retardation/agitation. No significant differences in the interconnections among symptoms emerged.

Limitations
Data were cross-sectional and self-reported, gold standard diagnostic tools were not used to assess OCD, and the sample size for the group with MDD and OCD was relatively small yielding low statistical power for network analysis.

Conclusions
Youth with MDD and OCD have more severe MDD than those with MDD and no OCD and they experience more psychomotor issues and less anhedonia, which may relate to the behavioral activation characteristic of OCD.

Keywords
OCDChildrenAdolescentsDepressionMajor depressive disorderComorbidity

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	349-357
Number of pages	9
Journal	Journal of Affective Disorders
Volume	349
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.070
Publication status	Published - 2024 Jan 8

Subject classification (UKÄ)

Psychiatry

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.070

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Strophauer, E., Valenzuela-Flores, C., Minhajuddin, A., Slater, H., Riddle, D., Pinciotti, C., Guzick, A., Hettema, J., Tonarelli, S., Soutullo, C., Elmore, J., Gushanas, K., Wakefield, S., Goodman, W., Trivedi, M., Storch, E. A., & Cervin, M. (2024). The clinical presentation of major depressive disorder in youth with co-occurring obsessive-compulsive disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders, 349, 349-357. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.070

@article{0b6761e01d6741a985adec444cc0dbae,

title = "The clinical presentation of major depressive disorder in youth with co-occurring obsessive-compulsive disorder",

abstract = "BackgroundMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is common in youth and among the most frequent comorbid disorders in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), but it is unclear whether the presence of OCD affects the symptom presentation of MDD in youth.MethodsA sample of youth with OCD and MDD (n = 124) and a sample of youth with MDD but no OCD (n = 673) completed the Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents (PHQ-A). The overall and symptom-level presentation of MDD were examined using group comparisons and network analysis.ResultsYouth with MDD and OCD, compared to those with MDD and no OCD, had more severe MDD (Cohen's d = 0.39) and more reported moderate to severe depression (75 % vs 61 %). When accounting for demographic variables and the overall severity of MDD, those with comorbid OCD reported lower levels of anhedonia and more severe difficulties with psychomotor retardation/agitation. No significant differences in the interconnections among symptoms emerged.LimitationsData were cross-sectional and self-reported, gold standard diagnostic tools were not used to assess OCD, and the sample size for the group with MDD and OCD was relatively small yielding low statistical power for network analysis.ConclusionsYouth with MDD and OCD have more severe MDD than those with MDD and no OCD and they experience more psychomotor issues and less anhedonia, which may relate to the behavioral activation characteristic of OCD.KeywordsOCDChildrenAdolescentsDepressionMajor depressive disorderComorbidity",

author = "Emily Strophauer and Carlos Valenzuela-Flores and Abu Minhajuddin and Holli Slater and David Riddle and Caitlin Pinciotti and Andrew Guzick and John Hettema and Silvina Tonarelli and Cesar Soutullo and Joshua Elmore and Kimberly Gushanas and Sarah Wakefield and Wayne Goodman and Madhukar Trivedi and Storch, {Eric A.} and Matti Cervin",

year = "2024",

month = jan,

day = "8",

doi = "10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.070",

language = "English",

volume = "349",

pages = "349--357",

journal = "Journal of Affective Disorders",

issn = "0165-0327",

publisher = "Elsevier",

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Strophauer, E, Valenzuela-Flores, C, Minhajuddin, A, Slater, H, Riddle, D, Pinciotti, C, Guzick, A, Hettema, J, Tonarelli, S, Soutullo, C, Elmore, J, Gushanas, K, Wakefield, S, Goodman, W, Trivedi, M, Storch, EA & Cervin, M 2024, 'The clinical presentation of major depressive disorder in youth with co-occurring obsessive-compulsive disorder', Journal of Affective Disorders, vol. 349, pp. 349-357. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.070

TY - JOUR

T1 - The clinical presentation of major depressive disorder in youth with co-occurring obsessive-compulsive disorder

AU - Strophauer, Emily

AU - Valenzuela-Flores, Carlos

AU - Minhajuddin, Abu

AU - Slater, Holli

AU - Riddle, David

AU - Pinciotti, Caitlin

AU - Guzick, Andrew

AU - Hettema, John

AU - Tonarelli, Silvina

AU - Soutullo, Cesar

AU - Elmore, Joshua

AU - Gushanas, Kimberly

AU - Wakefield, Sarah

AU - Goodman, Wayne

AU - Trivedi, Madhukar

AU - Storch, Eric A.

AU - Cervin, Matti

PY - 2024/1/8

Y1 - 2024/1/8

N2 - BackgroundMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is common in youth and among the most frequent comorbid disorders in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), but it is unclear whether the presence of OCD affects the symptom presentation of MDD in youth.MethodsA sample of youth with OCD and MDD (n = 124) and a sample of youth with MDD but no OCD (n = 673) completed the Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents (PHQ-A). The overall and symptom-level presentation of MDD were examined using group comparisons and network analysis.ResultsYouth with MDD and OCD, compared to those with MDD and no OCD, had more severe MDD (Cohen's d = 0.39) and more reported moderate to severe depression (75 % vs 61 %). When accounting for demographic variables and the overall severity of MDD, those with comorbid OCD reported lower levels of anhedonia and more severe difficulties with psychomotor retardation/agitation. No significant differences in the interconnections among symptoms emerged.LimitationsData were cross-sectional and self-reported, gold standard diagnostic tools were not used to assess OCD, and the sample size for the group with MDD and OCD was relatively small yielding low statistical power for network analysis.ConclusionsYouth with MDD and OCD have more severe MDD than those with MDD and no OCD and they experience more psychomotor issues and less anhedonia, which may relate to the behavioral activation characteristic of OCD.KeywordsOCDChildrenAdolescentsDepressionMajor depressive disorderComorbidity

AB - BackgroundMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is common in youth and among the most frequent comorbid disorders in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), but it is unclear whether the presence of OCD affects the symptom presentation of MDD in youth.MethodsA sample of youth with OCD and MDD (n = 124) and a sample of youth with MDD but no OCD (n = 673) completed the Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents (PHQ-A). The overall and symptom-level presentation of MDD were examined using group comparisons and network analysis.ResultsYouth with MDD and OCD, compared to those with MDD and no OCD, had more severe MDD (Cohen's d = 0.39) and more reported moderate to severe depression (75 % vs 61 %). When accounting for demographic variables and the overall severity of MDD, those with comorbid OCD reported lower levels of anhedonia and more severe difficulties with psychomotor retardation/agitation. No significant differences in the interconnections among symptoms emerged.LimitationsData were cross-sectional and self-reported, gold standard diagnostic tools were not used to assess OCD, and the sample size for the group with MDD and OCD was relatively small yielding low statistical power for network analysis.ConclusionsYouth with MDD and OCD have more severe MDD than those with MDD and no OCD and they experience more psychomotor issues and less anhedonia, which may relate to the behavioral activation characteristic of OCD.KeywordsOCDChildrenAdolescentsDepressionMajor depressive disorderComorbidity

U2 - 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.070

DO - 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.070

M3 - Article

C2 - 38199393

SN - 0165-0327

VL - 349

SP - 349

EP - 357

JO - Journal of Affective Disorders

JF - Journal of Affective Disorders

ER -

The clinical presentation of major depressive disorder in youth with co-occurring obsessive-compulsive disorder

Abstract

Subject classification (UKÄ)

UN SDGs

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