Abstract
The concept of willow vegetation filters for the treatment of nutrient-rich wastewater has the potential to address two of our most serious environmental problems today -water pollution and climate change- in a cost-efficient way. Despite several benefits, including high treatment efficiency, increased biomass yields, improved energy and resource efficiency, and cost savings, willow vegetation filters have so far only been implemented to a limited degree in Sweden. This is due to various kinds of barriers, which may be the result of current institutional, structural and technical/geographical conditions. This paper discusses the prospects of a more widespread utilisation of willow plantations for wastewater treatment in Sweden, including existing incentives and barriers, based on current knowledge and experience. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 428-438 |
| Journal | Biomass & Bioenergy |
| Volume | 30 |
| Issue number | 5 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2006 |
Subject classification (UKÄ)
- Energy Systems
Free keywords
- model
- carbon offset
- energy balance
- vegetation filters
- costs
- the Enkoping
