The size dependent composition of fog droplets

Paolo Laj; Sandro Fuzzi; Alberto Lazzari; Loretta Ricci; Giordano Orsi; Axel Berner; Ulrike Dusek; Dieter Schell; Armin Günther; Manfred Wendisch; Wolfram Wobrock; Göran Frank; Bengt G. Martinsson; Risto Hillamo

The size dependent composition of fog droplets

Paolo Laj, Sandro Fuzzi, Alberto Lazzari, Loretta Ricci, Giordano Orsi, Axel Berner, Ulrike Dusek, Dieter Schell, Armin Günther, Manfred Wendisch, Wolfram Wobrock, Göran Frank, Bengt G. Martinsson, Risto Hillamo

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

The size dependency of fog droplet concentration and composition was studied using newly developed droplet impactors during the CHEMDROP campaign in the Po Valley (Italy). A strong size dependency of solute concentrations was measured during several fog episodes. The ionic strength of the droplet solutions varies as a function of droplet diameter, showing maximum values in the 9-19 μm diameter range. The solute concentration varies up to a factor of 10 among droplets of different diameter. Similarly, differences of up to 2 pH units are found among droplets of different diameter. The solute dependency of aerosol and droplets species from 0.1 μm to 50 μm is investigated. The monomodal behaviour of the solute concentration in droplets can be explained by both diffusional condensation of the aerosols serving as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and the air/liquid transfer of volatile species, in particular for HNO₃ and NH₃. The distribution of sulphur species is also size-dependent and is directly linked to the pH variations across the droplet spectrum, resulting in HMSA formation in small droplets and S(IV) oxidation large droplets.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	115-130
Number of pages	16
Journal	Contributions to Atmospheric Physics
Volume	71
Issue number	1
Publication status	Published - 1998 Feb 1

Subject classification (UKÄ)

Ecology (including Biodiversity Conservation)

Cite this

@article{8a0060e7f68f4bf9899475717e409af9,

title = "The size dependent composition of fog droplets",

abstract = "The size dependency of fog droplet concentration and composition was studied using newly developed droplet impactors during the CHEMDROP campaign in the Po Valley (Italy). A strong size dependency of solute concentrations was measured during several fog episodes. The ionic strength of the droplet solutions varies as a function of droplet diameter, showing maximum values in the 9-19 μm diameter range. The solute concentration varies up to a factor of 10 among droplets of different diameter. Similarly, differences of up to 2 pH units are found among droplets of different diameter. The solute dependency of aerosol and droplets species from 0.1 μm to 50 μm is investigated. The monomodal behaviour of the solute concentration in droplets can be explained by both diffusional condensation of the aerosols serving as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and the air/liquid transfer of volatile species, in particular for HNO3 and NH3. The distribution of sulphur species is also size-dependent and is directly linked to the pH variations across the droplet spectrum, resulting in HMSA formation in small droplets and S(IV) oxidation large droplets.",

author = "Paolo Laj and Sandro Fuzzi and Alberto Lazzari and Loretta Ricci and Giordano Orsi and Axel Berner and Ulrike Dusek and Dieter Schell and Armin G{\"u}nther and Manfred Wendisch and Wolfram Wobrock and G{\"o}ran Frank and Martinsson, {Bengt G.} and Risto Hillamo",

year = "1998",

month = feb,

day = "1",

language = "English",

volume = "71",

pages = "115--130",

journal = "Contributions to Atmospheric Physics",

issn = "0005-8173",

publisher = "Gebruder Borntraeger Verlagsbuchhandlung",

number = "1",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - The size dependent composition of fog droplets

AU - Laj, Paolo

AU - Fuzzi, Sandro

AU - Lazzari, Alberto

AU - Ricci, Loretta

AU - Orsi, Giordano

AU - Berner, Axel

AU - Dusek, Ulrike

AU - Schell, Dieter

AU - Günther, Armin

AU - Wendisch, Manfred

AU - Wobrock, Wolfram

AU - Frank, Göran

AU - Martinsson, Bengt G.

AU - Hillamo, Risto

PY - 1998/2/1

Y1 - 1998/2/1

N2 - The size dependency of fog droplet concentration and composition was studied using newly developed droplet impactors during the CHEMDROP campaign in the Po Valley (Italy). A strong size dependency of solute concentrations was measured during several fog episodes. The ionic strength of the droplet solutions varies as a function of droplet diameter, showing maximum values in the 9-19 μm diameter range. The solute concentration varies up to a factor of 10 among droplets of different diameter. Similarly, differences of up to 2 pH units are found among droplets of different diameter. The solute dependency of aerosol and droplets species from 0.1 μm to 50 μm is investigated. The monomodal behaviour of the solute concentration in droplets can be explained by both diffusional condensation of the aerosols serving as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and the air/liquid transfer of volatile species, in particular for HNO3 and NH3. The distribution of sulphur species is also size-dependent and is directly linked to the pH variations across the droplet spectrum, resulting in HMSA formation in small droplets and S(IV) oxidation large droplets.

AB - The size dependency of fog droplet concentration and composition was studied using newly developed droplet impactors during the CHEMDROP campaign in the Po Valley (Italy). A strong size dependency of solute concentrations was measured during several fog episodes. The ionic strength of the droplet solutions varies as a function of droplet diameter, showing maximum values in the 9-19 μm diameter range. The solute concentration varies up to a factor of 10 among droplets of different diameter. Similarly, differences of up to 2 pH units are found among droplets of different diameter. The solute dependency of aerosol and droplets species from 0.1 μm to 50 μm is investigated. The monomodal behaviour of the solute concentration in droplets can be explained by both diffusional condensation of the aerosols serving as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and the air/liquid transfer of volatile species, in particular for HNO3 and NH3. The distribution of sulphur species is also size-dependent and is directly linked to the pH variations across the droplet spectrum, resulting in HMSA formation in small droplets and S(IV) oxidation large droplets.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0031749130&partnerID=8YFLogxK

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:0031749130

SN - 0005-8173

VL - 71

SP - 115

EP - 130

JO - Contributions to Atmospheric Physics

JF - Contributions to Atmospheric Physics

IS - 1

ER -

The size dependent composition of fog droplets

Abstract

Subject classification (UKÄ)

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this