TY - JOUR
T1 - Validation of an air–liquid interface toxicological set-up using Cu, Pd, and Ag well-characterized nanostructured aggregates and spheres
AU - Svensson, Christian
AU - Ameer, Shegufta
AU - Ludvigsson, Linus
AU - Ali, Neserin
AU - Alhamdow, Ayman
AU - Messing, Maria
AU - Pagels, Joakim
AU - Gudmundsson, Anders
AU - Bohgard, Mats
AU - Sanfins, E.
AU - Kåredal, Monica
AU - Broberg Palmgren, Karin
AU - Rissler, Jenny
PY - 2016/4/1
Y1 - 2016/4/1
N2 - Abstract: Systems for studying the toxicity of metal aggregates on the airways are normally not suited for evaluating the effects of individual particle characteristics. This study validates a set-up for toxicological studies of metal aggregates using an air–liquid interface approach. The set-up used a spark discharge generator capable of generating aerosol metal aggregate particles and sintered near spheres. The set-up also contained an exposure chamber, The Nano Aerosol Chamber for In Vitro Toxicity (NACIVT). The system facilitates online characterization capabilities of mass mobility, mass concentration, and number size distribution to determine the exposure. By dilution, the desired exposure level was controlled. Primary and cancerous airway cells were exposed to copper (Cu), palladium (Pd), and silver (Ag) aggregates, 50–150 nm in median diameter. The aggregates were composed of primary particles 2, respectively, were achieved. Viability was measured by WST-1 assay, cytokines (Il-6, Il-8, TNF-a, MCP) by Luminex technology. Statistically significant effects and dose response on cytokine expression were observed for SAEC cells after exposure to Cu, Pd, or Ag particles. Also, a positive dose response was observed for SAEC viability after Cu exposure. For A549 cells, statistically significant effects on viability were observed after exposure to Cu and Pd particles. The set-up produced a stable flow of aerosol particles with an exposure and dose expressed in terms of number, mass, and surface area. Exposure-related effects on the airway cellular models could be asserted. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
AB - Abstract: Systems for studying the toxicity of metal aggregates on the airways are normally not suited for evaluating the effects of individual particle characteristics. This study validates a set-up for toxicological studies of metal aggregates using an air–liquid interface approach. The set-up used a spark discharge generator capable of generating aerosol metal aggregate particles and sintered near spheres. The set-up also contained an exposure chamber, The Nano Aerosol Chamber for In Vitro Toxicity (NACIVT). The system facilitates online characterization capabilities of mass mobility, mass concentration, and number size distribution to determine the exposure. By dilution, the desired exposure level was controlled. Primary and cancerous airway cells were exposed to copper (Cu), palladium (Pd), and silver (Ag) aggregates, 50–150 nm in median diameter. The aggregates were composed of primary particles 2, respectively, were achieved. Viability was measured by WST-1 assay, cytokines (Il-6, Il-8, TNF-a, MCP) by Luminex technology. Statistically significant effects and dose response on cytokine expression were observed for SAEC cells after exposure to Cu, Pd, or Ag particles. Also, a positive dose response was observed for SAEC viability after Cu exposure. For A549 cells, statistically significant effects on viability were observed after exposure to Cu and Pd particles. The set-up produced a stable flow of aerosol particles with an exposure and dose expressed in terms of number, mass, and surface area. Exposure-related effects on the airway cellular models could be asserted. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
KW - A549
KW - Aggregates
KW - Air–liquid interface
KW - Cytokines
KW - DMA-APM
KW - Health effects
KW - NACIVT
KW - SAEC
KW - Toxicity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84961659569&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s11051-016-3389-y
DO - 10.1007/s11051-016-3389-y
M3 - Article
C2 - 27069401
AN - SCOPUS:84961659569
SN - 1388-0764
VL - 18
JO - Journal of Nanoparticle Research
JF - Journal of Nanoparticle Research
IS - 4
M1 - 86
ER -