Withdrawal from Biobank Research: Considerations and the Way Forward.

The right to withdraw one's consent after having agreed to participate in research is a fundamental principle in contemporary research ethics. However, it has been questioned whether this right should apply to research conducted on donated biological samples, including stem cells and tissues from which stem cells can be derived. In this article we present some of the concerns that have been expressed related to this question. We then identify five areas that one needs to pay greater attention to before any conclusions can be drawn as to whether donors should be given the right to withdraw, or under what circumstances withdrawal should be allowed.