Vehicular channel characterization and its implications for wireless system design and performance

TY - JOUR

T1 - Vehicular channel characterization and its implications for wireless system design and performance

AU - Mecklenbräuker, Christoph

AU - Molisch, Andreas

AU - Kåredal, Johan

AU - Tufvesson, Fredrik

AU - Paier, Alexander

AU - Bernadó, Laura

AU - Zemen, Thomas

AU - Klemp, Oliver

AU - Czink, Nicolai

PY - 2011

Y1 - 2011

N2 - To make transportation safer, more efficient, and less harmful to the environment, traffic telematics services are currently being intensely investigated and developed. Such services require dependable wireless vehicle-to-infrastructure and vehicle-to-vehicle communications providing robust connectivity at moderate data rates. The development of such dependable vehicular communication systems and standards requires accurate models for the propagation channel in all relevant environments and scenarios. Key characteristics of vehicular channels are shadowing by other vehicles, high Doppler shifts, and inherent non-stationarity, which have major impact on the data packet transmission reliability and latency. This paper provides an overview of the existing vehicular channel measurements in a variety of important environments, and the observed channel characteristics (such as delay spreads and Doppler spreads) therein.We briefly discuss the available vehicular channel models and their respective merits and deficiencies. Finally, we discuss the implications for wireless system design with a strong focus on IEEE 802.11p. On the road towards a dependable vehicular network, room for improvements in coverage, reliability, scalability, and delay are highlighted which require evolutionary improvements in the IEEE 802.11p standard. Multiple antennas at the on-board units and road-side units are recommended to exploit spatial diversity for increased diversity and reliability. Evolutionary improvements in the PHY and MAC are required to yield dependable systems. Extensive references are provided.

AB - To make transportation safer, more efficient, and less harmful to the environment, traffic telematics services are currently being intensely investigated and developed. Such services require dependable wireless vehicle-to-infrastructure and vehicle-to-vehicle communications providing robust connectivity at moderate data rates. The development of such dependable vehicular communication systems and standards requires accurate models for the propagation channel in all relevant environments and scenarios. Key characteristics of vehicular channels are shadowing by other vehicles, high Doppler shifts, and inherent non-stationarity, which have major impact on the data packet transmission reliability and latency. This paper provides an overview of the existing vehicular channel measurements in a variety of important environments, and the observed channel characteristics (such as delay spreads and Doppler spreads) therein.We briefly discuss the available vehicular channel models and their respective merits and deficiencies. Finally, we discuss the implications for wireless system design with a strong focus on IEEE 802.11p. On the road towards a dependable vehicular network, room for improvements in coverage, reliability, scalability, and delay are highlighted which require evolutionary improvements in the IEEE 802.11p standard. Multiple antennas at the on-board units and road-side units are recommended to exploit spatial diversity for increased diversity and reliability. Evolutionary improvements in the PHY and MAC are required to yield dependable systems. Extensive references are provided.

KW - radio channel characterization

KW - vehicular communications

KW - IEEE 802.11p

KW - OFDM

KW - MIMO

KW - intelligent transportsystems

U2 - 10.1109/JPROC.2010.2101990

DO - 10.1109/JPROC.2010.2101990

M3 - Article

VL - 99

SP - 1189

EP - 1212

JO - Proceedings of the IEEE

JF - Proceedings of the IEEE

SN - 0018-9219

IS - 7

ER -