Associations between Eight Gut Bacteria Previously Suggested to Have Health Benefits and Cardiometabolic Markers in Two Swedish Population Studies

Beskrivning

Abstract
Background: Cardiometabolic diseases are among the major current public health concerns worldwide. Emerging evidence has linked the gut microbiota to the pathophysiology of cardiometabolic disease and some commensal gut bacterial genera and species have been suggested as beneficial in terms of their relation to cardiometabolic risk.
Objective: To examine the abundances of eight gut bacteria (four species of Roseburia, Akkermansia muciniphila, Prevotella copri, Faecalibacterium, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii), previously associated with potential beneficial impacts on health, and their associations with cardiometabolic traits and risk factors in two large Swedish cohorts.
Design: We utilized the data previously collected in the Swedish CArdioPulmonary BioImage Study (SCAPIS-Malmö) and the Malmö Offspring Study (MOS) on clinical and lifestyle characteristics, together with the metagenomic sequencing of the gut microbiome, for 7,254 individuals (53% women, 18-70 years) in Malmö, Sweden. After stratification of the eight selected bacteria based on their abundances, associations were examined by linear regression, adjusted for age and sex and by Chi-square tests. Spearman correlation was utilized to explore the associations between bacterial abundances and Shannon Index.
Results: We detected numerous significant associations between the abundances of the eight bacteria and clinical and lifestyle characteristics. While A. muciniphila and R. hominis demonstrated the strongest evidence for associations with favorable cardiometabolic profile and less environmental risk factors, the three other species of Roseburia together with F. prausnitzii showed significant unfavorable associations with cardiometabolic traits and risk factors. Additionally, P. copri exhibited associations with several clinical and environmental risk factors, but with less clear pattern concerning cardiometabolic risk.
Conclusion: Our study supports the view that A. muciniphila and R. hominis associate with favorable cardiometabolic profile. For the other bacteria, the results remain either inconclusive or rather indicate unfavorable associations. Therefore, we conclude that hasty categorization of the commensal gut bacteria into beneficial and detrimental should be avoided.

Period	2021 jan. 1 → 2021 maj 27
Examinerad/handledd person
Examination/handledning vid	Lunds universitet
Omfattning	Internationell