Face to Face or digitally? A comparison of first-line interventions delivery for people with hip or knee osteoarthritis

According to international guidelines, exercise and education should constitute the first-line intervention for people with knee and hip osteoarthritis (OA) and have been shown to be effective in reducing OA symptoms regardless of disease severity. To implement those guidelines, the Better Management of Patients with OsteoArthritis (BOA), a face-to-face concept including education and an option to exercise, has been developed and are offered at primary care clinics in Sweden since 2008. However, traditional face to face interventions present barriers, such as limited access and lack of flexibility, which may limit the patients’ adherence with the interventions. In an effort to overcome such barriers, a digital self-management program (Joint Academy) that is based on the BOA concept started in 2014. Although, both delivering methods have been reported to reduce OA symptoms in patients with hip and/or knee OA, little is known whether the results of digital interventions are comparable with traditional face-to-face rehabilitation programs. In this retrospective register-based study we will compare the outcomes of the two different modalities of first-line treatment delivery (face-to-face vs digitally) after 3 months program participation using data from the BOA and Joint Academy registers. Main outcome will be self-reported change in pain between baseline and three months follow-up and secondary outcomes will be change in self-reported walking difficulties, willingness for joint surgery and health-related quality of life between baseline and three months follow-up.