Exceptions and limitations (27 UPCA)

The UPCA for the first time establishes harmonized exceptions and limitations to the effects of granted patent rights. Previously these were the sole province of national law but a with a degree of similarity.This chapter briefly analyses the historical origin, legal nature and scope of Article 27 UPCA, the future harmonizing effect of UPCA patent limitations, followed by a discussion on each limitations' respective requirements. For this effect, limitations are organized and presented according to their historical origin and applicable sources of law.