Manifestation of relativistic effects in the chemical properties of nihonium and moscovium revealed by gas chromatography studies

A. Yakushev, J. Khuyagbaatar, Ch. E. Düllmann, M. Block, R. A. Cantemir, D. M. Cox, D. Dietzel, F. Giacoppo, Y. Hrabar, M. Iliaš, E. Jäger, J. Krier, D. Krupp, N. Kurz, L. Lens, S. Löchner, Ch. Mokry, P. Mošať, V. Pershina, S. RaederD. Rudolph, J. Runke, L. G. Sarmiento, B. Schausten, U. Scherer, P. Thörle-Pospiech, N. Trautmann, M. Wegrzecki, P. Wieczorek

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Sammanfattning

Chemical reactivity of the superheavy elements nihonium (Nh, element 113) and moscovium (Mc, element 115) has been studied by the gas-solid chromatography method using a new combined chromatography and detection setup. The Mc isotope, 288Mc, was produced in the nuclear fusion reaction of 48Ca ions with 243Am targets at the GSI Helmholtzzentrum Darmstadt, Germany. After isolating 288Mc ions in the gas-filled separator TASCA, adsorption of 288Mc and its decay product 284Nh on silicon oxide and gold surfaces was investigated. As a result of this work, the values of the adsorption enthalpy of Nh and Mc on the silicon oxide surface were determined for the first time, −∆HadsSiO2(Mc)=54−5+11 kJ/mol and −∆HadsSiO2(Nh)=58−3+8 kJ/mol (68% c.i.). The obtained −ΔHads values are in good agreement with results of advanced relativistic calculations. Both elements, Nh and Mc, were shown to interact more weakly with the silicon oxide surface than their lighter homologues Tl and Bi, respectively. However, Nh and Mc turned out to be more reactive than the neighbouring closed-shell and quasi-closed-shell elements copernicium (Cn, element 112) and flerovium (Fl, element 114), respectively. The established trend is explained by the influence of strong relativistic effects on the valence atomic orbitals of these elements.

Originalspråkengelska
Artikelnummer1474820
Antal sidor13
TidskriftFrontiers in Chemistry
Volym12
DOI
StatusPublished - 2024 sep. 23

Ämnesklassifikation (UKÄ)

  • Subatomär fysik
  • Analytisk kemi

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  • On the adsorption and reactivity of element 114, flerovium

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  • First Study on Nihonium (Nh, Element 113) Chemistry at TASCA

    Yakushev, A., Lens, L., Düllmann, C. E., Block, M., Brand, H., Calverley, T., Dasgupta, M., Di Nitto, A., Götz, M., Götz, S., Haba, H., Harkness-Brennan, L., Herzberg, R.-D., Heßberger, F. P., Hinde, D., Hübner, A., Jäger, E., Judson, D., Khuyagbaatar, J. & Kindler, B. & 29 andra, Komori, Y., Konki, J., Kratz, J. V., Krier, J., Kurz, N., Laatiaoui, M., Lommel, B., Lorenz, C., Maiti, M., Mistry, A. K., Mokry, C., Nagame, Y., Papadakis, P., Såmark-Roth, A., Rudolph, D., Runke, J., Sarmiento, L. G., Sato, T. K., Schädel, M., Scharrer, P., Schausten, B., Steiner, J., Thörle-Pospiech, P., Toyoshima, A., Trautmann, N., Uusitalo, J., Ward, A., Wegrzecki, M. & Yakusheva, V., 2021 nov. 30, I: Frontiers in Chemistry. 9, 9 s., 753738.

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