The Ecophysiology of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Phosphatase Activity Associated with Extraradical and Intraradical Mycelium

Ingrid van Aarle

The Ecophysiology of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Phosphatase Activity Associated with Extraradical and Intraradical Mycelium

Ingrid van Aarle

Forskningsoutput: Avhandling › Doktorsavhandling (sammanläggning)

Sammanfattning

Popular Abstract in Swedish
Svampmycel i marken hämtar sin energi både från levande och dött organiskt material. Vissa svampar hämtar energi direkt från levande växter genom att bilda en symbios som kallas mykorrhiza. Arbuskulär mykorrhiza (AM) är en sådan typ som bildas av svampar som inte kan leva utan värdväxter. AM-svamp hämtar sin energi från rötter, samtidigt tar svampen upp viktiga växtnäringsämnen från jorden och transporterar dessa i hyfnätverket till växternas rötter. Även inuti roten bildar AM-svamparna ett nätverk. Här sker utbytet av viktiga näringsämnen med växten.

Ett mycket viktigt näringsämne är fosfor, som i de flesta jordar är svårt för växterna att komma åt. AM-svampar däremot, är mycket bra på att ta upp just fosfor. Växter som lever i symbios med AM-svampar växer därför ofta bättre än de utan symbios. Jag har studerat olika mekanismer som är involverade i svamparnas fosforupptag och transporten till växten. Jag har också studerat aktiviteten hos speciella enzymer (fosfataser) som frigör fosfor från organiska material. Jag har lokaliserat dessa fosfataser i hyfnätverket och studerat hur dess aktivitet påverkas av olika faktorer i svamparnas miljö.

Originalspråk	engelska
Kvalifikation	Doktor
Tilldelande institution	Biologiska institutionen
Handledare	[unknown], [unknown], handledare, Extern person
Tilldelningsdatum	2002 juni 3
Förlag	Microbial Ecology, Lund University
ISBN (tryckt)	91-7105-175-9
Status	Published - 2002

Bibliografisk information

Defence details

Date: 2002-06-03
Time: 10:15
Place: N/A

External reviewer(s)

Name: Graham, James H
Title: Dr
Affiliation: Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, USA

---

Ämnesklassifikation (UKÄ)

Ekologi

4 Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift

Growth and interactions of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soils from limestone and acid rock habitats
van Aarle, I., Söderström, B. & Olsson, P. A., 2003, I: Soil Biology & Biochemistry. 35, 12, s. 1557-1564
Forskningsoutput: Tidskriftsbidrag › Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift › Peer review
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi respond to the substrate pH of their extraradical mycelium by altered growth and root colonization
van Aarle, I., Olsson, P. A. & Söderström, B., 2002, I: New Phytologist. 155, 1, s. 173-182
Forskningsoutput: Tidskriftsbidrag › Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift › Peer review
Phosphatase activities of arbuscular mycorrhizal intraradical
van Aarle, I., Rouhier, H. & Saito, M., 2002, I: Mycological Research. 106, 10, s. 1224
Forskningsoutput: Tidskriftsbidrag › Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift › Peer review

Fil
385 Nedladdningar (Pure)

Citera det här

@phdthesis{ac8bdd45f8b94ac8b9ac3e30b9db4c8c,

title = "The Ecophysiology of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Phosphatase Activity Associated with Extraradical and Intraradical Mycelium",

abstract = "Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi colonise a wide range of plant species and are especially common in soils with a relatively high pH, where phosphorus availability is a limiting factor for primary production. The aim of this thesis was to study the ecophysiology of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi when exposed to different environments. Development of AM fungi and their host plants were investigated with focus on the activity and the location of phosphatases associated with the AM fungal extraradical and intraradical mycelium. Plants and AM fungal mycelium were grown in substrates varying in soil origin, phosphorus content, or pH. The use of the Enzyme-Labelled Fluorescence (ELF) phosphatase substrate in AM fungal research was investigated. The studies in this thesis have led to the following findings. The ELF substrate method is a sensitive method in the determination of acid and alkaline phosphatase activity associated with mycorrhizal mycelium. The AM root colonisation is positively related to the biomass of the extraradical mycelium, however, locally the extraradical mycelium biomass production can respond to the conditions of certain patches. I found no active release of phosphatase activity by AM fungi, indicating that mineralisation of organic P in soil by AM fungi is not through the release of phosphatases. Staining for phosphatase activity is more intense in the intraradical than in the extraradical mycelium. In the intraradical mycelium the proportion of acid phosphatase-active mycelium seems greater than the alkaline phosphatase-active proportion, while in the extraradical mycelium it seems smaller. The high proportion of phosphatase-active arbuscules indicate the importance of phosphatases for the P metabolism in arbuscules and thus for the P transfer to the plant. A tubular vacuole system is present in the extraradical mycelium of a Glomus isolate and a high P content in the growth substrate decreases its motility. Phosphatases associated with the extraradical and intraradical mycelium of AM fungi seem to be related to the phosphorus uptake by the fungi and phosphorus transfer to the host plant. In this thesis some possible roles of these phosphatases in phosphorus metabolism of AM fungal plants are discussed.",

keywords = "Ekologi, Ecology, mykologi, virologi, bakteriologi, Mikrobiologi, mycology, virology, bacteriology, Microbiology, Scutellospora, polyphosphate, phosphorus uptake, phosphorus transfer, phosphatase, pH, mycelium, Glomus, fatty acid, Gigaspora, arbuscular mycorrhiza, ELF",

author = "\{van Aarle\}, Ingrid",

note = "Defence details Date: 2002-06-03 Time: 10:15 Place: N/A External reviewer(s) Name: Graham, James H Title: Dr Affiliation: Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, USA ---",

year = "2002",

language = "English",

isbn = "91-7105-175-9",

publisher = "Microbial Ecology, Lund University",

type = "Doctoral Thesis (compilation)",

school = "Department of Biology",

}

TY - THES

T1 - The Ecophysiology of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Phosphatase Activity Associated with Extraradical and Intraradical Mycelium

AU - van Aarle, Ingrid

N1 - Defence details Date: 2002-06-03 Time: 10:15 Place: N/A External reviewer(s) Name: Graham, James H Title: Dr Affiliation: Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, USA ---

PY - 2002

Y1 - 2002

N2 - Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi colonise a wide range of plant species and are especially common in soils with a relatively high pH, where phosphorus availability is a limiting factor for primary production. The aim of this thesis was to study the ecophysiology of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi when exposed to different environments. Development of AM fungi and their host plants were investigated with focus on the activity and the location of phosphatases associated with the AM fungal extraradical and intraradical mycelium. Plants and AM fungal mycelium were grown in substrates varying in soil origin, phosphorus content, or pH. The use of the Enzyme-Labelled Fluorescence (ELF) phosphatase substrate in AM fungal research was investigated. The studies in this thesis have led to the following findings. The ELF substrate method is a sensitive method in the determination of acid and alkaline phosphatase activity associated with mycorrhizal mycelium. The AM root colonisation is positively related to the biomass of the extraradical mycelium, however, locally the extraradical mycelium biomass production can respond to the conditions of certain patches. I found no active release of phosphatase activity by AM fungi, indicating that mineralisation of organic P in soil by AM fungi is not through the release of phosphatases. Staining for phosphatase activity is more intense in the intraradical than in the extraradical mycelium. In the intraradical mycelium the proportion of acid phosphatase-active mycelium seems greater than the alkaline phosphatase-active proportion, while in the extraradical mycelium it seems smaller. The high proportion of phosphatase-active arbuscules indicate the importance of phosphatases for the P metabolism in arbuscules and thus for the P transfer to the plant. A tubular vacuole system is present in the extraradical mycelium of a Glomus isolate and a high P content in the growth substrate decreases its motility. Phosphatases associated with the extraradical and intraradical mycelium of AM fungi seem to be related to the phosphorus uptake by the fungi and phosphorus transfer to the host plant. In this thesis some possible roles of these phosphatases in phosphorus metabolism of AM fungal plants are discussed.

AB - Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi colonise a wide range of plant species and are especially common in soils with a relatively high pH, where phosphorus availability is a limiting factor for primary production. The aim of this thesis was to study the ecophysiology of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi when exposed to different environments. Development of AM fungi and their host plants were investigated with focus on the activity and the location of phosphatases associated with the AM fungal extraradical and intraradical mycelium. Plants and AM fungal mycelium were grown in substrates varying in soil origin, phosphorus content, or pH. The use of the Enzyme-Labelled Fluorescence (ELF) phosphatase substrate in AM fungal research was investigated. The studies in this thesis have led to the following findings. The ELF substrate method is a sensitive method in the determination of acid and alkaline phosphatase activity associated with mycorrhizal mycelium. The AM root colonisation is positively related to the biomass of the extraradical mycelium, however, locally the extraradical mycelium biomass production can respond to the conditions of certain patches. I found no active release of phosphatase activity by AM fungi, indicating that mineralisation of organic P in soil by AM fungi is not through the release of phosphatases. Staining for phosphatase activity is more intense in the intraradical than in the extraradical mycelium. In the intraradical mycelium the proportion of acid phosphatase-active mycelium seems greater than the alkaline phosphatase-active proportion, while in the extraradical mycelium it seems smaller. The high proportion of phosphatase-active arbuscules indicate the importance of phosphatases for the P metabolism in arbuscules and thus for the P transfer to the plant. A tubular vacuole system is present in the extraradical mycelium of a Glomus isolate and a high P content in the growth substrate decreases its motility. Phosphatases associated with the extraradical and intraradical mycelium of AM fungi seem to be related to the phosphorus uptake by the fungi and phosphorus transfer to the host plant. In this thesis some possible roles of these phosphatases in phosphorus metabolism of AM fungal plants are discussed.

KW - Ekologi

KW - Ecology

KW - mykologi

KW - virologi

KW - bakteriologi

KW - Mikrobiologi

KW - mycology

KW - virology

KW - bacteriology

KW - Microbiology

KW - Scutellospora

KW - polyphosphate

KW - phosphorus uptake

KW - phosphorus transfer

KW - phosphatase

KW - pH

KW - mycelium

KW - Glomus

KW - fatty acid

KW - Gigaspora

KW - arbuscular mycorrhiza

KW - ELF

M3 - Doctoral Thesis (compilation)

SN - 91-7105-175-9

PB - Microbial Ecology, Lund University

ER -

The Ecophysiology of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Phosphatase Activity Associated with Extraradical and Intraradical Mycelium

Sammanfattning

Bibliografisk information

Ämnesklassifikation (UKÄ)

Fingeravtryck

Forskningsoutput

Growth and interactions of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soils from limestone and acid rock habitats

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi respond to the substrate pH of their extraradical mycelium by altered growth and root colonization

Phosphatase activities of arbuscular mycorrhizal intraradical

Citera det här